Plasma resistance factors in Biomphalaria glabrata

描述：对感染无易感性的机制 光滑双脐螺体内的曼氏血吸虫还不清楚。 对不敏感性最可能的解释是免疫抵抗， 可能涉及（1）识别寄生虫为非自身和/或未能 将寄生虫识别为自身，（2）对寄生虫产生细胞毒性反应， 孢子囊，以及（3）抵抗或对抗寄生虫免疫抑制 可能干扰（1）或（2）的因素。细胞和体液 机制（可能独立或与血细胞协同作用）已被证实。 与孢子囊破坏有关这种阻力可以转移到 非易感蜗牛都收养，通过移植的造血 阿米巴细胞产生器官（APO）或被动地，通过注射血浆。虽然 被动转移在16年前就被描述过了，它仍然存在。 未经调查，尽管有可能阐明体液机制， 可怕的抵抗。初步研究证实， 从其他类型的耐药蜗牛血浆中的耐药因子，并具有 提供了关于影响持续时间、孢子囊的命运 在具有被动转移抗性的蜗牛中， 因子分子量和来源。该提案旨在进一步说明 被动地将抗性转移到S. mansoni并确定相关的 等离子体阻力因子。

DESCRIPTION: Mechanisms responsible for no susceptibility to infection with Schistosoma mansoni in Biomphalaria glabrata snails are not well understood. The most likely explanation for non-susceptibility is immunological resistance, possibly involving (1) recognizing the parasite as non-self and/or failing to recognize the parasite as self, (2) mounting a cytotoxic response against the sporocyst, as well as (3) withstanding or countering parasite immunosuppressive factors, which could interfere with (1) or (2). Both cellular and humoral mechanisms (which may act independently or in concert with hemocytes) have been implicated in sporocyst destruction. This resistance can be transferred to non-susceptible snails both adoptively, by transplants of the hematopoietic amebocyte-producing organ (APO) or passively, by injections of plasma. Although passive transfer was described over 16 years ago, it has remained uninvestigated, despite the potential for elucidating humoral mechanisms of schistosome resistance. Preliminary studies have confirmed the presence of resistance factor in plasma from additional types of resistant snails, and have provided new information on the duration of the effect, the fate of sporocysts in snails with passively transferred resistance, as well as the resistance factor molecular weight and source. This proposal seeks to further characterize passively transferred resistance to S. mansoni and to identify the relevant plasma resistance factor(s).