DEVELOPMENT OF COGNITIVE ACTIVATION TASKS FOR FUNCTIONAL NEUROIMAGING

功能神经影像认知激活任务的开发

• 批准号: 6432839
• 负责人: Daniel Martin Weinberger
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6432839
• 关键词: brain imaging /visualization /scanning; brain mapping; brain metabolism; cerebellum; clinical research; cognition; frontal lobe /cortex; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; memory; neural information processing; neuropsychological tests; positron emission tomography; schizophrenia; verbal behavior

We have developed a variety of tasks to activate regions of interest in functional neuroimaging studies. 1. We developed a Continuous Performance Test of attention and encoding to be used in event related fMRI. While behavioral deficits have been widely reported in schizophrenic patients, the neural substrate of this task has yet to be elucidated. Toward this end we degraded stimuli and used only the letters x and y so each individual trial in an event related paradigm was informative. 2. We developed a carefully matched set of verbal fluency tasks to examine the relation between semantic processing, thought disorder, and neurophysiology in schizophrenia using PET CBF methods. We arel also using a semantic processing task in fMRI to determine the physiologic concomitants of repetition priming versus conceptual priming in order to ascertain whether semantic access is automatic and if the two tasks involve similar functional neuroanatomies. 3. To examine the levels of processing account of episodic memory we devised a series or recognition memory tasks. We also paid special attention to the development of a control task that would not involve active processing so as to better observe hippocampal activation. Preliminary results indicate marked prefrontal cortecal activations during higher level encoding.

我们开发了多种任务来激活功能神经影像研究中感兴趣的区域。 1. 我们开发了一种注意力和编码的连续性能测试，用于事件相关的功能磁共振成像。虽然精神分裂症患者的行为缺陷已被广泛报道，但这项任务的神经基础尚未阐明。为此，我们降低了刺激并仅使用字母 x 和 y，因此事件相关范式中的每个单独试验都提供了丰富的信息。 2. 我们开发了一套精心匹配的言语流畅性任务，以使用 PET CBF 方法检查精神分裂症的语义处理、思维障碍和神经生理学之间的关系。 我们还使用功能磁共振成像中的语义处理任务来确定重复启动与概念启动的生理伴随因素，以确定语义访问是否是自动的以及这两个任务是否涉及相似的功能神经解剖学。 3. 为了检查情景记忆的处理水平，我们设计了一系列或识别记忆任务。我们还特别关注不涉及主动处理的控制任务的开发，以便更好地观察海马体的激活。初步结果表明，在更高级别的编码过程中，前额皮质有明显的激活。