Development Of Cognitive Activation Tasks For Functional Neuroimaging

功能神经影像认知激活任务的开发

基本信息

项目摘要

Last year we examined two components of working memory (WM): maintenance of information for a short period of time and manipulation of information necessary for higher cognitive functions, such as language, reasoning and problem solving. Earlier WM studies demonstrated that dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) activity increases as maintenance and load demand increases. This suggested a role of DLPFC in the active maintenance of information. Few studies have carefully disambiguated these two WM processes at the behavioral and physiological levels. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and a block design of the Sternberg task, we mapped within the prefrontal cortex (PFC) locales that are selectively load sensitive, delay sensitive, or both. In considering the Sternberg task, WM load was manipulated by varying the memory set size (3, 5, or 8 letters) and the delay period between the string of letters and probe. The effect of memory maintenance was examined by employing two time delays between the letter set and probe stimuli. We found the DLPFC was strongly activated in load manipulation, whereas activation as a function of delay was restricted to the left premotor regions and Broca areas. Regions of PFC on the right were found to be exclusively affected by load. These results suggest the possibility that top-down modulation of attention or cognitive control at encoding and/or decision making may be mediated by these areas. Little is known about the distributed neuronal networks impacted by dopamine modulation in the component process of WM, although working memory is critically mediated by dopaminergic tuning of signal-to-noise in cortical neural assemblies. Here we used the COMT val158met genotype as an index of relative cortical dopamine bioavailability and tuning efficiency. In this new study, we examined the spatial and subprocess specificity by which dopamine modulation occurs within the prefrontal-parietal-striatal network during WM, thus empirically showing that dopamine plays a key role in updating and stabilizing new information at the neural systems level. To do this we employed a cognitive paradigm which allowed separation of the encoding from the response phases in subsequent image analyses. By doing this, we allowed for the isolation of cognitive processes of interest using planned contrasts of activations at the response phases. This paradigm incorporated various aspects of WM and cognitive control, along with a set of control tasks. Each set of WM or control tasks had in common a response phase, which required a sensorimotor response, numerical size determination, or a more complex task that included numerical computation as well as numerical size judgment. We found that temporal updating operations, engaged relatively specific dopaminergic tuning at the DLPFC. Manipulating and rapidly updating representations were sensitive to dopaminergic modulation of neural signaling in a larger prefrontal-parietal-striatal network. These findings add to the integration of dopaminergic signaling in basic cortical assemblies with their roles in specific human brain networks during the orchestration of information processing in WM.
去年,我们研究了工作记忆(WM)的两个组成部分:在短时间内保持信息和操纵高级认知功能所需的信息,如语言,推理和解决问题。早期的工作记忆研究表明,背外侧前额叶皮层(DLPFC)的活动增加的维护和负荷的需求增加。这表明DLPFC在主动维护信息中的作用。很少有研究仔细地在行为和生理水平上区分这两个WM过程。使用功能性磁共振成像(fMRI)和块设计的斯滕贝格任务,我们映射内的前额叶皮层(PFC)的区域,选择性负载敏感,延迟敏感,或两者兼而有之。在考虑的斯滕贝格任务,WM负荷操纵不同的记忆集大小(3,5,或8个字母)和字符串之间的延迟时间和探针。记忆维持的效果进行了研究,采用两个字母集和探针刺激之间的时间延迟。我们发现,DLPFC强烈激活负荷操作,而激活作为延迟的功能仅限于左运动前区和Broca区。右侧PFC区域仅受负载影响。这些结果表明,在编码和/或决策的注意或认知控制的自上而下的调制可能是由这些区域介导的。 很少有人知道的分布式神经网络的影响,多巴胺调制的组件过程中的WM,虽然工作记忆是关键介导的多巴胺调谐的信号-噪声在皮层神经组件。在这里,我们使用COMT val 158 met基因型作为相对皮质多巴胺生物利用度和调谐效率的指标。在这项新的研究中,我们研究了空间和子过程的特异性,多巴胺调制发生在前额叶-顶叶-纹状体网络在WM,从而经验表明,多巴胺在更新和稳定新的信息在神经系统水平上起着关键作用。为了做到这一点,我们采用了一种认知范式,允许在随后的图像分析中将编码与响应阶段分离。通过这样做,我们允许在响应阶段使用计划的激活对比来隔离感兴趣的认知过程。 这种范式结合了工作记忆和认知控制的各个方面,沿着一系列控制任务。 每组WM或控制任务都有一个共同的反应阶段,这需要一个感觉运动反应,数值大小的确定,或一个更复杂的任务,包括数值计算以及数值大小的判断。我们发现,时间更新操作,从事相对具体的多巴胺能调谐在DLPFC。操纵和快速更新的陈述是敏感的多巴胺能调制的神经信号在一个较大的前额叶-顶叶-纹状体网络。这些发现增加了整合多巴胺能信号在基本的皮质组件与他们的角色在特定的人脑网络在WM的信息处理的编排。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(15)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Reduced parahippocampal connectivity produces schizophrenia-like memory deficits in simulated neural circuits with reduced parahippocampal connectivity.
  • DOI:
    10.1001/archpsyc.62.5.485
  • 发表时间:
    2005-05
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    L. Talamini;M. Meeter;B. Elvevåg;J. Murre;T. Goldberg
  • 通讯作者:
    L. Talamini;M. Meeter;B. Elvevåg;J. Murre;T. Goldberg
Catechol-O-methyltransferase polymorphisms and some implications for cognitive therapeutics.
First- and second-generation antipsychotic medication and cognitive processing in schizophrenia.
第一代和第二代抗精神病药物和精神分裂症的认知处理。
  • DOI:
    10.1007/s11920-005-0085-5
  • 发表时间:
    2005
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    6.7
  • 作者:
    Weickert,ThomasW;Goldberg,TerryE
  • 通讯作者:
    Goldberg,TerryE
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Daniel Martin Weinberger其他文献

Daniel Martin Weinberger的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Daniel Martin Weinberger', 18)}}的其他基金

Forecasting pneumococcal serotype frequencies to develop adult-specific vaccines
预测肺炎球菌血清型频率以开发成人特异性疫苗
  • 批准号:
    9192404
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 49.15万
  • 项目类别:
Forecasting pneumococcal serotype frequencies to develop adult-specific vaccines
预测肺炎球菌血清型频率以开发成人特异性疫苗
  • 批准号:
    9327867
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 49.15万
  • 项目类别:
Forecasting pneumococcal serotype frequencies to develop adult-specific vaccines
预测肺炎球菌血清型频率以开发成人特异性疫苗
  • 批准号:
    9075526
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 49.15万
  • 项目类别:
GENETIC BASIS OF CORTICAL MALFUNCTION IN SCHIZOPHRENIA
精神分裂症皮质功能障碍的遗传基础
  • 批准号:
    6290581
  • 财政年份:
  • 资助金额:
    $ 49.15万
  • 项目类别:
Mri Studies Of Brain Function And Metabolism
脑功能和代谢的核磁共振研究
  • 批准号:
    6823941
  • 财政年份:
  • 资助金额:
    $ 49.15万
  • 项目类别:
Development Of Cognitive Activation Tasks For Functional
功能性认知激活任务的开发
  • 批准号:
    7312856
  • 财政年份:
  • 资助金额:
    $ 49.15万
  • 项目类别:
Genetic Basis Of Cortical Malfunction In Schizophrenia
精神分裂症皮质功能障碍的遗传基础
  • 批准号:
    7594525
  • 财政年份:
  • 资助金额:
    $ 49.15万
  • 项目类别:
MRI Studies of Brain Function and Metabolism
脑功能和代谢的 MRI 研究
  • 批准号:
    7594523
  • 财政年份:
  • 资助金额:
    $ 49.15万
  • 项目类别:
Genetic Basis Of Cortical Malfunction In Schizophrenia
精神分裂症皮质功能障碍的遗传基础
  • 批准号:
    7136266
  • 财政年份:
  • 资助金额:
    $ 49.15万
  • 项目类别:
MRI STUDIES OF BRAIN FUNCTION AND METABOLISM
脑功能和新陈代谢的 MRI 研究
  • 批准号:
    6290578
  • 财政年份:
  • 资助金额:
    $ 49.15万
  • 项目类别:

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