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An experimental medicine investigation of the effects of potential novel antidepressant interventions on emotion and reward related information proces

潜在新型抗抑郁药物干预对情绪和奖励相关信息过程影响的实验医学研究

基本信息

批准号：
1808792
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Oxford
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2016 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1808792
关键词：
experimental medicine investigation effects potential

项目摘要

Recent attempts to reconcile neuropharmacological and cognitive accounts of depression have led to the development of a cognitive neuropsychological model of antidepressant treatment action. This model suggests that antidepressant drugs exert their clinical effects by acutely inducing positive biases in "hot" (i.e. emotion-related) cognitive processes which can counteract the negative biases in affective information processing that are inherent to depression. The validity of this model is well supported by a multitude of empirical studies investigating the effects of different established antidepressant drugs which, taken together, suggest that the induction of positive biases is a common and crucial causal mechanism of antidepressant action.The aim of my DPhil project is to investigate whether potential novel antidepressant treatments could have similar effects. Taking an experimental medicine approach, three different interventions are studied in healthy volunteers: bright light treatment, practising positive psychology, and administration of the dopamine D2/D3 receptor-preferring agonist pramipexole. In addition to their effects on hot cognitive processes, for each of these interventions, potential effects on subjective state and, where of interest, also effects on other relevant measures (e.g. HPA axis activity for practising positive psychology, gustatory processing for pramipexole treatment) are tested. The results of this work will allow us to better understand potential cognitive effects of the three interventions and will show whether their clinical effects could be explained within the theoretical framework of the cognitive neuropsychological model of antidepressant treatment action.

最近协调抑郁症的神经药理学和认知解释的尝试导致了抗抑郁治疗作用的认知神经心理学模型的发展。该模型表明，抗抑郁药物通过在“热”（即与情绪相关的）认知过程中急剧诱导积极偏见来发挥其临床作用，这可以抵消抑郁症固有的情感信息处理中的消极偏见。该模型的有效性得到了大量实证研究的充分支持，这些研究调查了不同已建立的抗抑郁药物的作用，这些研究综合起来表明，积极偏见的诱导是抗抑郁作用的常见且关键的因果机制。我的博士项目的目的是研究潜在的新型抗抑郁药物治疗是否可以产生类似的效果。采用实验医学方法，在健康志愿者中研究了三种不同的干预措施：强光治疗、积极心理学实践以及多巴胺 D2/D3 受体偏好激动剂普拉克索的给药。除了对热认知过程的影响之外，对于每一种干预措施，还测试了对主观状态的潜在影响，以及对其他相关措施（例如用于实践积极心理学的 HPA 轴活动、普拉克索治疗的味觉处理）的影响。这项工作的结果将使我们能够更好地了解这三种干预措施的潜在认知效果，并将表明它们的临床效果是否可以在抗抑郁治疗作用的认知神经心理学模型的理论框架内得到解释。