Optoelectronic Devices Based on Emerging 2D Materials

基于新兴二维材料的光电器件

• 批准号: 1917360
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF EXETER
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2017 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1917360
• 关键词: Optoelectronic; Devices; Based; Emerging; 2D

Radioactive isotopes are a global health hazard in nuclear fallout from both weapon detonation and disasters at power stations such as Fukushima and Chernobyl. The radioactive contamination of fallout in Scandinavia and Norway still exceeds the legal limit (3000 Bq/kg) prohibiting the grazing of cattle. Hand held laboratory instruments used to detect radioactivity such as Geiger counters provide a reliable way of measuring ionising radiation but these devices are not efficient or cost effective to test every item of food in retail shops for example. Furthermore, these devices are not easy to embed in food packaging or clothing to provide novel solutions for which a high degree of mechanical flexibility is required, such as laboratory coats for example. At the same time, the growing threats posed by terrorism together with the recent use of radioactive substances in the killing of the former Russian FSB agent A. Litvinenko in London make a compelling case for National and International security to develop conceptually new technologies able to uncover illegal smuggling of radioactive substances. The aim of this proposal is to demonstrate the first radioactivity detector embedded on textile fibres. This detector will be based on a new class of imperceptible, flexible and ultra-lightweight sensors which exploit the insulator-to-metal transition occurring in fluorinated graphene upon exposure to a radioactive source.

核武器爆炸和福岛和切尔诺贝利等核电站灾难产生的核沉降物中的放射性同位素是一种全球健康危害。斯堪的纳维亚和挪威的放射性沉降物污染仍然超过禁止放牧的法律的限度（3000 Bq/kg）。用于检测放射性的手持式实验室仪器，例如盖革计数器，提供了测量电离辐射的可靠方法，但是这些设备对于例如零售商店中的每种食品的测试而言不是有效的或成本有效的。此外，这些装置不容易嵌入食品包装或衣服中以提供需要高度机械柔性的新颖解决方案，例如实验室外套。与此同时，恐怖主义构成的威胁日益严重，加上最近在杀害前俄罗斯联邦安全局特工A时使用了放射性物质。利特维年科在伦敦为国家和国际安全提出了一个令人信服的理由，即开发能够发现非法走私放射性物质的概念性新技术。该提案的目的是展示第一个嵌入纺织纤维的放射性探测器。这种探测器将基于一类新的不可感知的，灵活的和超轻量的传感器，这些传感器利用氟化石墨烯在暴露于放射源时发生的绝缘体到金属的转变。