Cadmium & Pancreatic Cancer: A Pilot Case-Control Study

描述(由申请人提供)： 人们对胰腺癌的病因知之甚少，胰腺癌导致更多 在美国每年超过29,000人死亡。私家侦探最近提出 镉是胰腺癌的原因之一(癌症流行病学，生物标记物 和预防，9：139-145,2000)。镉是一种非必需金属， 积聚在人的胰腺中。众所周知，镉会导致胰腺癌。 在动物身上，是人类胰腺癌的一个可能的原因。 我们将进行一项以医院为基础的试点病例对照研究，以确定 通过饮食调查问卷数据衡量的镉暴露， 职业性和娱乐性接触镉以及通过测量 尿镉可以预测患胰腺癌的风险。我们假设， 控制年龄和吸烟史，报告接触镉和 胰腺癌患者的尿镉含量会更高 而不是来自没有胰腺癌的人。 我们的具体目标是： 1.招募胰腺外分泌癌偶发病例50例(例) 在维克森林大学浸信会医疗中心(WFUBMC)看到的。 2.招募两组对照患者： A.50名患者在种族、性别、吸烟史和年龄(4-5岁)上匹配 消化内科(G.I.)未发现癌症。在WFUBMC(The 诊所转诊人口) B.50名患者在种族、性别、吸烟史和年龄(4-5岁)上匹配 在WFUBMC的普通内科诊所(The 医院转诊人口)。 3.获取知情同意、尿样和病例调查问卷数据 和控制。 4.分析这些数据以确定患胰腺癌的风险： 尿液，经肌酐水平校正(接触镉的生物标记物)， 报告接触镉和尿视黄醇结合蛋白(一项衡量标准 接触镉的生物效应)。 5.其次，分析尿样中的锌和铜，并进行比较 患者组关于锌：镉的比率，以及 铜的浓度。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Little is known about the etiology of pancreatic cancer, which causes more than 29,000 deaths per year in the U.S. The P.I. recently proposed that cadmium is a cause of pancreatic cancer (Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Prevention, 9:139-145, 2000). Cadmium is a non-essential metal that accumulates in the human pancreas. Cadmium is known to cause pancreatic cancer in animals and is a plausible cause of pancreatic cancer in humans. We will conduct a pilot, hospital-based case-control study to determine whether exposure to cadmium, as measured by questionnaire data on dietary, occupational and recreational exposure to cadmium, and by measurements of cadmium in urine, predicts risk for pancreatic cancer. We hypothesize that, controlling for age and smoking history, reported exposure to cadmium and cadmium levels in urine will be higher from persons with pancreatic cancer than from persons without pancreatic cancer. Our Specific Aims are to: 1. Recruit 50 patients with incident cancer of the exocrine pancreas (cases) seen at Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center (WFUBMC). 2. Recruit two sets of control patients: a. 50 patients matched on race, gender, smoking history, and age (4- 5 years) without cancer seen inthe Department of Gastroenterology (G.I.) at WFUBMC (the clinic referral population) b. 50 patients matched on race, gender, smoking history, and age (4-5 years) without cancer seen at General Internal Medicine clinics at WFUBMC (the hospital referral population). 3. Obtain informed consent, urine samples, and questionnaire data for cases and controls. 4. Analyze these data to determine risk of pancreatic cancer from: cadmium in urine, corrected for creatinine levels (a biomarker of exposure to cadmium), reported exposure to cadmium, and retinol binding protein in urine (a measure of biological effect of exposure to cadmium). 5. Secondarily, analyze urine specimens for zinc and copper and compare tile patient groups with respect to the zinc:cadmium ratio, and to the concentrations of copper.