RECIDIVISM, DRUG ABUSE, AND HIV RISK BEHAVIORS

累犯、药物滥用和艾滋病毒风险行为

• 批准号: 6523379
• 负责人: JUNE P TANGNEY
• 金额: $ 52.99万
• 依托单位: GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-30 至 2006-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6523379
• 关键词: HIV infections; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; correctional institutions; criminal behavior; drug abuse; empathy; guilt; high risk behavior /lifestyle; human subject; mental health epidemiology; morals; outcomes research; psychosocial rehabilitation; substance abuse related behavior

DESCRIPTION (provided by investigator): This study is designed to evaluate the impact of moral emotions (i.e., feelings of shame, guilt and empathy) on criminal recidivism, and to assess whether existing services and interventions are effective in modifying the moral affective capacity of offenders, thereby reducing rates of re-offense. To what degree do feelings of shame, guilt and empathy foster reparative behavior and reform? Are there hidden psychological costs to some moral emotions as opposed to others? How can prison programs foster the development of adaptive moral emotions? And what kinds of inmates are especially likely to benefit from such programs? To address these questions, 900 recently incarcerated offenders will be interviewed in depth regarding (a) the instant offense, with a special focus on experiences of moral emotions during and just after the offense, and (b) the offender's experiences in the criminal justice system, from arrest through incarceration. Inmates will also complete baseline measures of moral emotional style (proneness to shame, guilt, and empathy), moral reasoning, and psychopathy. Throughout the period of incarceration, inmate use of offender services will be tracked, and an experimental component will be introduced to rigorously evaluate the efficacy of two intervention programs, currently in place, which draw on a restorative justice model. In exit interviews just prior to release, inmates again will be interviewed regarding (a) the instant offense, focusing on feelings of shame, guilt and empathy, if any, (b) the offender's experiences and reactions to incarceration, again with a focus on moral emotions, and (c) the offender's plans upon release. Inmates will also complete for a second time measures of shame-proneness, guilt-proneness, empathy, and moral reasoning. Outcome measures will include behavioral adjustment during incarceration, changes in moral emotional factors from initial assessment to exit interview, changes in inmates' emotional adjustment, and subsequent indices of recidivism/rehabilitation at 1 and 3 years post-release. Together, results should help clarify how best to enhance offenders' emotional, social, and behavioral adjustment --- both during incarceration and post-release --- thereby reducing the rate of aggressive and antisocial behavior in our community.

描述（由研究者提供）：本研究旨在评估 道德情绪（即羞耻感、内疚感和同理心）对 犯罪累犯，并评估现有服务和干预措施是否 能够有效地改变罪犯的道德情感能力，从而 减少再犯罪率。羞耻感、内疚感和内疚感在多大程度上会产生影响？ 同理心促进修复行为和改革？是否有隐藏的心理 某些道德情感相对于其他道德情感要付出什么代价？监狱项目如何 促进适应性道德情感的发展？以及什么样的囚犯 特别有可能从此类计划中受益？为了解决这些 900名新近入狱罪犯将接受深度访谈 关于(a)立即犯罪，特别关注道德经历 犯罪期间和犯罪后的情绪，以及 (b) 犯罪者的经历 在刑事司法系统中，从逮捕到监禁。囚犯会 还完成道德情感风格的基线测量（羞耻倾向， 内疚和同理心）、道德推理和精神病态。整个时期 监禁、囚犯使用罪犯服务的情况将被跟踪，并 将引入实验成分来严格评估功效 目前实施的两项干预计划均利用了恢复性措施 正义模型。在释放前的退出面谈中，囚犯将再次被 接受采访时涉及 (a) 即时冒犯，重点关注羞耻感， 内疚和同理心，如果有的话，(b) 犯罪者的经历和反应 监禁，同样关注道德情感，以及 (c) 罪犯的 发布后的计划。囚犯还将第二次完成以下措施 羞耻倾向、内疚倾向、同理心和道德推理。结果 措施将包括监禁期间的行为调整、 道德情感因素从最初评估到离职面谈的变化 服刑人员的情绪调节及后续指标 释放后 1 年和 3 年的累犯/改造。在一起，结果 应有助于阐明如何最好地增强罪犯的情感、社交和 行为调整——监禁期间和释放后—— 从而减少我们的攻击性和反社会行为的发生率 社区。