Jail-Based Treatment to Reduce Substance Abuse, Recidivism and Risky Behavior

监狱治疗可减少药物滥用、累犯和危险行为

• 批准号: 8685923
• 负责人: JUNE P TANGNEY
• 金额: $ 54.81万
• 依托单位: GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-30 至 2016-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8685923
• 关键词: AODD relapse; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Antisocial Personality Disorder; Basic Science; Behavior; Belief; Cognition; Communities; Community Services; Continuity of Patient Care; County; Crime; Data Collection; Distant; Emotions; Empathy; Employment; Environment; Evaluation; Family Planning; Fostering; Funding; Guilt; HIV Infections; HIV risk; Health Personnel; Heart; Home environment; Imprisonment; Intervention; Interview; Jail; Justice; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Manuscripts; Marriage; Measures; Mediating; Mental disorders; Modeling; Morals; Ownership; Personality; Phase; Population; Preparation; Prisoner; Prisons; Process; Prospective Studies; Randomized Clinical Trials; Research; Risk Behaviors; Role; Shame; Societies; Specific qualifier value; Structure; Substance Addiction; Substance Use Disorder; Substance abuse problem; Technology Assessment; Thinking; Time; Treatment Effectiveness; anti social; base; criminal behavior; design; experience; follow-up; group intervention; high risk; innovative technologies; longitudinal analysis; meetings; offender; parental involvement; phase 2 study; programs; psychologic; psychopathic personality; racial and ethnic disparities; recidivism; reduced substance abuse; reduced substance use; research study; rural area; social; success; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project imports social-personality theory and research on moral emotions and cognitions to the applied problems of crime, substance abuse, and HIV risk behavior. The primary aims are to better understand the role of moral emotions (i.e., shame, guilt and empathy) and moral cognitions (i.e., criminogenic beliefs) in the lives of currently and recently incarcerated offenders, and to develop effective culturally sensitive jail-based interventions targeting these theoretically specified mechanisms of actions (MOAs) to reduce post-release substance use, HIV risk, and recidivism and to enhance offenders' reintegration into the community. Funding is requested to support 4 initiatives: (1) Complete 1 and 4 year post-release interviews of Study 1, a basic research prospective study of moral emotions and cognitions of 508 serious offenders first assessed shortly upon entry to a county jail, and extend the study with 7 and 10 year post-release follow-up interviews; (2) Complete initial phases of Study 2, a Phase II Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT) of the restorative justice-inspired Impact of Crime (IOC) group intervention of 200 jail inmates nearing release into the community, focusing on moral emotions and cognitions as MOAs, and extending this longitudinal study with 3 and 5 year post-release assessments; (3) "Dismantle" the IOC intervention into shorter term modules, and conduct a Phase 1b RCT evaluation to identify its most active components, tailored for pre-trial and pre-sentencing inmates, the most transient subpopulation of jail inmates, in a form that is "setting friendly" responding to the unique constraints of the jail environment; (4) Complete a Phase Ib RCT of a brief manualized "shame-reducing" group intervention for inmates with Substance Use Disorders. The aims of Studies 2, 3 and 4 are to develop treatments tailored to the unique needs of jail inmates and the constraints of jail settings, drawing on results of Study 1. Each year, 7.6 million inmates are released from correctional facilities - with most (7 million) released from jails, not prisons. Yet most treatment - and indeed most treatment research - occurs in prisons, not jails. Unlike prisons typically situated in distant rural areas, jails are located in the heart of communities facilitating post-release planning, family re-unification, continuity of care, etc. Although seriously underutilized, our nation's jails offer an ideal window of opportunity for timely intervention with a large high-risk, multi- need population. Taken together, the proposed project is designed to help fill this gap, developing theory-based empirically supported treatments for jail inmates, capitalizing on cutting edge social psychological research on moral emotions and moral cognitions, and utilizing innovative technologies for assessment to assist treatment providers.

项目描述（申请人提供）：本项目将社会人格理论和道德情感与认知的研究引入犯罪，药物滥用和艾滋病毒风险行为的应用问题。主要目的是更好地理解道德情感的作用（即，羞耻、内疚和同情）和道德认知（即，（c）在目前和最近被监禁的罪犯的生活中，开展对文化敏感的有效监狱干预，以这些理论上具体规定的行动机制为目标，减少释放后药物使用、艾滋病毒风险和累犯，并促进罪犯重返社会。要求提供资金，以支持4项举措：（1）完成研究1的释放后1年和4年访谈，这是一项关于508名严重罪犯的道德情感和认知的基础研究前瞻性研究，首次评估是在进入县监狱后不久进行的，并将该研究扩大到释放后7年和10年的后续访谈;（2）完成研究2的初始阶段，这是一项第二阶段随机临床试验，对200名即将释放到社区的监狱囚犯进行恢复性司法启发的犯罪影响（IOC）群体干预，重点关注道德情感和认知作为MOA，并通过释放后3年和5年的评估扩展这一纵向研究;（3）将国际奥委会的干预措施“拆分”为短期模块，并进行第1b阶段随机对照试验评估，以确定其最活跃的组成部分，为审前和判刑前囚犯量身定制，这是监狱囚犯中最短暂的亚群，以一种“环境友好”的形式，回应监狱环境的独特限制;（4）完成一项针对物质使用障碍囚犯的简短手动“减少滥用”小组干预的Ib期随机对照试验。研究2、3和4的目的是在研究1的基础上，针对监狱囚犯的独特需求和监狱环境的限制，开发治疗方法。每年有760万囚犯从惩教设施获释，其中大多数（700万）是从监狱而不是监狱获释的。然而，大多数治疗--事实上大多数治疗研究--发生在监狱，而不是监狱。与通常位于偏远农村地区的监狱不同，监狱位于社区的中心，便于释放后的规划，家庭团聚，护理的连续性等。尽管严重未得到充分利用，但我国的监狱为及时干预大量高风险，多需求人群提供了理想的机会窗口。总而言之，拟议的项目旨在帮助填补这一空白，为监狱囚犯开发基于理论的经验支持治疗，利用关于道德情感和道德认知的尖端社会心理学研究，并利用创新技术进行评估，以协助治疗提供者。