Using Values to Enhance Inmates' Response to Substance Use and HIV Risk Feedback

利用价值观来增强囚犯对药物使用和艾滋病毒风险反馈的反应

• 批准号: 9316288
• 负责人: JUNE P TANGNEY
• 金额: $ 20.92万
• 依托单位: GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-06-01 至 2020-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9316288
• 关键词: Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Area; Awareness; Behavior; Clinical Sciences; Communities; Computer Assisted; Computers; Country; County; Crime; Criminal Justice; Criminology; Evaluation; Exercise; Feedback; Foundations; Goals; HIV Infections; HIV risk; Human immunodeficiency virus test; Imprisonment; Individual; Informal Social Control; Intervention; Jail; Link; Mediation; Modeling; Modification; Motivation; Outcome; Participant; Perception; Personality; Phase; Population; Prisoner; Prisons; Process; Psychology; Race; Randomized; Research; Resources; Risk; Risk Assessment; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Self-control as a personality trait; Services; Shame; Societies; Structure; Substance Addiction; System; Testing; Time; Training; Treatment Effectiveness; Treatment Efficacy; Work; arm; base; behavior change; behavioral health; clinically relevant; computer science; computerized; design; experience; graduate student; high risk; innovative technologies; motivational enhancement therapy; novel; offender; pilot trial; reading ability; recidivism; response; risk perception; risk sharing; social; social norm; statistics; substance abuse treatment; substance misuse; theories; touchscreen; willingness

Project Summary Capitalizing on cutting edge research on values affirmation and personalized risk feedback from psychology and criminology, we aim to develop, implement, and pilot test a one session computer-assisted intervention tailored to the needs of jail inmates. A key component of effective offender treatment is an initial assessment of risk factors followed by feedback to facilitate problem awareness and engagement in appropriate treatment and/or behavior change. Feedback regarding areas of high risk, however, can be experienced as threatening. We propose to develop, fine-tune, and pilot-test a computerized system for risk assessment and feedback, including evaluation of a brief pre-feedback prosocial values affirmation exercise (Cohen & Sherman, 2014) aimed at decreasing defensiveness and increasing inmates’ willingness to access and process risk-relevant information and to utilize post-release treatment resources, thereby reducing post-release substance misuse, HIV risk behavior, and criminal recidivism. Participants will be 170 jail inmates nearing release into the community - 20 pilot participants and 150 RCT participants randomly assigned to one of three conditions: (1) Values Affirmation + Personalized Risk Feedback; (2) Personalized Risk Feedback only; (3) Control. The baseline and risk assessment, values affirmation manipulation, and personalized risk feedback will be presented via touch-screen computers, requiring minimal training to administer. Analyses will assess: 1) The feasibility of utilizing a computerized system to assess and share risk information with jail inmates, including a brief values affirmation exercise to reduce defensiveness; 2) The acceptability of this approach from the perspectives of jail staff and inmates themselves; 3) The impact of the intervention on observed proximal outcomes (mechanisms of action), such as time spent viewing feedback, electing to print a copy of informational and treatment resources, and consequent changes in perceptions of risk, treatability, etc.; 4) The impact of the intervention on key post-release outcomes including engagement in relevant treatment services, substance misuse, HIV risk behaviors, re-offense and re-arrest; 5) The links between proximal outcomes (MOAs) and key post-release outcomes; 6) Potential moderators of treatment effectiveness. The resulting products and initial findings will provide preliminary results for an R01 application to conduct an expanded implementation and evaluation of this risk feedback intervention enhanced by a values affirmation both at the outset and in the final days of jail incarceration.

项目摘要 利用心理学对价值观肯定和个性化风险反馈的前沿研究 和犯罪学，我们的目标是开发，实施和试点测试一个会议计算机辅助干预 专为监狱犯人量身打造 有效的罪犯待遇的一个关键组成部分是对风险因素进行初步评估， 促进问题意识和参与适当的治疗和/或行为改变。反馈 然而，对于高风险地区，可能会被视为具有威胁性。 我们建议开发、微调和试点测试一个用于风险评估和反馈的计算机化系统， 包括对简短的反馈前亲社会价值肯定练习的评估（Cohen &谢尔曼，2014） 旨在减少防御性，提高囚犯接触和处理风险相关信息的意愿， 信息和利用释放后治疗资源，从而减少释放后药物滥用， 艾滋病风险行为和犯罪累犯。参加者将是170名即将获释的囚犯， 社区- 20名试点参与者和150名随机对照试验参与者被随机分配到三种条件之一：（1） 价值观肯定+个性化风险反馈;（2）仅个性化风险反馈;（3）控制。的 基线和风险评估，价值观肯定操纵，和个性化的风险反馈将是 通过触摸屏电脑呈现，只需最少的培训即可管理。分析将评估： 1)利用计算机化系统评估和与监狱囚犯分享风险信息的可行性， 包括一个简短的价值观肯定练习，以减少防御; 2)从监狱工作人员和囚犯本身的角度来看，这种方法是否可以接受; 3)干预对观察到的近端结局（作用机制）的影响，例如花费的时间 查看反馈，选择打印信息和治疗资源的副本，以及随后的 对风险、可治疗性等的看法发生变化; 4)干预对关键释放后结果的影响，包括参与相关治疗 服务、药物滥用、艾滋病毒危险行为、再次犯罪和再次逮捕; 5)近端结果（MOA）和关键释放后结果之间的联系; 6)治疗有效性的潜在调节因素。 由此产生的产品和初步调查结果将为R 01应用程序提供初步结果， 通过价值观的肯定，扩大了这一风险反馈干预措施的实施和评价 无论是在监狱监禁的开始还是最后几天。