Using Values to Enhance Inmates' Response to Substance Use and HIV Risk Feedback

项目摘要 利用心理学关于价值肯定和个性化风险反馈的前沿研究 和犯罪学，我们的目标是开发、实施和试点测试一次计算机辅助干预 为监狱囚犯的需求量身定做。 有效的罪犯治疗的一个关键组成部分是对风险因素的初步评估，然后反馈给 促进问题意识和参与适当的治疗和/或行为改变。反馈 然而，关于高风险地区，可能会被视为威胁。 我们建议开发、调整和试点测试一个用于风险评估和反馈的计算机化系统， 包括对简短的前反馈亲社会价值观肯定练习的评估(Cohen&Sherman，2014) 旨在减少防御性，增加囚犯接触和处理与风险有关的信息的意愿 并利用释放后治疗资源，从而减少释放后物质滥用， 艾滋病毒危险行为和犯罪累犯。参与者将是170名即将获释的监狱囚犯 社区-20名试点参与者和150名随机对照试验参与者被随机分配到以下三种情况之一：(1) 价值肯定个性化风险反馈；(2)仅个性化风险反馈；(3)控制。这个 基线和风险评估、价值肯定操纵和个性化风险反馈 通过触摸屏计算机演示，只需最少的培训即可进行管理。分析将评估： 1)利用计算机化系统评估风险信息并与监狱囚犯分享的可行性， 包括一次简短的价值观肯定练习，以减少防御性； 2)从监狱工作人员和囚犯本身的角度来看，这种做法是否可以接受； 3)干预对观察到的近期结果(作用机制)的影响，如花费的时间 查看反馈，选择打印信息和治疗资源的副本，以及后续 风险意识、可治疗性等方面的变化； 4)干预对关键的出院后结果的影响，包括参与相关治疗 服务、滥用药物、艾滋病毒危险行为、再次犯罪和再次逮捕； 5)近期结果(MOA)和关键的释放后结果之间的联系； 6)治疗效果的潜在调节剂。 由此产生的产品和初步发现将为R01应用程序进行 通过价值肯定加强这一风险反馈干预措施的扩大实施和评估 在监狱监禁之初和最后几天都是如此。

Project Summary Capitalizing on cutting edge research on values affirmation and personalized risk feedback from psychology and criminology, we aim to develop, implement, and pilot test a one session computer-assisted intervention tailored to the needs of jail inmates. A key component of effective offender treatment is an initial assessment of risk factors followed by feedback to facilitate problem awareness and engagement in appropriate treatment and/or behavior change. Feedback regarding areas of high risk, however, can be experienced as threatening. We propose to develop, fine-tune, and pilot-test a computerized system for risk assessment and feedback, including evaluation of a brief pre-feedback prosocial values affirmation exercise (Cohen & Sherman, 2014) aimed at decreasing defensiveness and increasing inmates’ willingness to access and process risk-relevant information and to utilize post-release treatment resources, thereby reducing post-release substance misuse, HIV risk behavior, and criminal recidivism. Participants will be 170 jail inmates nearing release into the community - 20 pilot participants and 150 RCT participants randomly assigned to one of three conditions: (1) Values Affirmation + Personalized Risk Feedback; (2) Personalized Risk Feedback only; (3) Control. The baseline and risk assessment, values affirmation manipulation, and personalized risk feedback will be presented via touch-screen computers, requiring minimal training to administer. Analyses will assess: 1) The feasibility of utilizing a computerized system to assess and share risk information with jail inmates, including a brief values affirmation exercise to reduce defensiveness; 2) The acceptability of this approach from the perspectives of jail staff and inmates themselves; 3) The impact of the intervention on observed proximal outcomes (mechanisms of action), such as time spent viewing feedback, electing to print a copy of informational and treatment resources, and consequent changes in perceptions of risk, treatability, etc.; 4) The impact of the intervention on key post-release outcomes including engagement in relevant treatment services, substance misuse, HIV risk behaviors, re-offense and re-arrest; 5) The links between proximal outcomes (MOAs) and key post-release outcomes; 6) Potential moderators of treatment effectiveness. The resulting products and initial findings will provide preliminary results for an R01 application to conduct an expanded implementation and evaluation of this risk feedback intervention enhanced by a values affirmation both at the outset and in the final days of jail incarceration.