Jail-Based Treatment to Reduce Substance Abuse, Recidivism and Risky Behavior

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目旨在（a）评估道德情感（即，羞耻、内疚和同情）和道德认知（即，（B）评估这些道德情感和认知在多大程度上可以作为“行动机制”，解释现有监狱项目和服务对这些关键结果产生影响的方式;以及（c）针对这些作用机制（道德情感和认知）开发和测试更有效的干预措施，以进一步减少药物滥用复发、艾滋病毒风险行为和犯罪累犯。为了实现这些目标，要求提供资金，以支持继续对450名进入县监狱的严重罪犯进行前瞻性研究（研究1），重点是释放后1年和3年的后续评估。此外，还要求提供资金，以实施一项新的简化的严重罪犯前瞻性研究，作为制定和评估新的治疗战略的背景（研究2）。研究2有三个不同的目标。首先，基于研究1初始阶段的可喜成果，研究2将包括犯罪影响的第二阶段随机临床试验（IOC）研讨会，一个基于恢复性司法原则和社会人格理论以及道德情感和认知研究的结构化12次会议方案。第二，研究2将包括一个阶段la治疗开发组件，以设计一个短期干预，减少适应不良的羞耻感，并提高适应性内疚倾向的道德情感风格。第三，研究2提供了一个机会，复制和扩展研究1的关键发现，关于如何最好地提高罪犯的情感，社会和行为调整在监禁期间和释放后。特别是，研究2将包括对艾滋病毒风险行为的扩展评估（例如，共用针头和“工作”的更为具体的模式，这可能是女性罪犯中艾滋病毒感染率特别高的原因），并扩大了对使用药物的动机和所认为的好处的评估。总之，结果应该有助于澄清如何最好地为罪犯提供治疗，以降低我们社区的药物滥用率，艾滋病毒感染率和犯罪率。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project is designed to (a) evaluate the degree to which moral emotions (i.e., shame, guilt and empathy) and moral cognitions (i.e., criminogenic beliefs, moral reasoning) of incarcerated offenders predict post- release substance abuse relapse, HIV risk behavior, and criminal recidivism; (b) evaluate the degree to which such moral emotions and cognitions may serve as "mechanisms of action," explaining the means by which existing jail programs and services have an impact on these critical outcomes; and (c) develop and test more efficacious interventions targeting these mechanisms of action (moral emotions and cognitions) to further to reduce substance abuse relapse, HIV risk behavior, and criminal recidivism. To accomplish these aims, funding is requested to support continuation of an ongoing prospective study of 450 serious offenders entering a county jail (Study 1), focusing on follow-up assessments at 1 and 3 years post release. In addition, funding is requested to implement a new streamlined prospective study of serious offenders as the context for developing and evaluating new treatment strategies (Study 2). Study 2 has three distinct aims. First, based on promising results from the initial phases of Study 1, Study 2 will include a Stage II Randomized Clinical Trial of the Impact of Crime (IOC) workshop, a structured 12 session program based on principles of restorative justice and social-personality theory and research on moral emotions and cognitions. Second, Study 2 will include a Stage la treatment development component to design a short-term intervention for reducing maladaptive feelings of shame and enhancing an adaptive guilt-prone moral emotional style. Third, Study 2 offers an opportunity to replicate and extend key findings from Study 1 regarding how best to enhance offenders' emotional, social, and behavioral adjustment both during incarceration and post-release. In particular, Study 2 will include an expanded assessment of HIV risk behaviors (e.g., more specific patterns of sharing needles and "works" that may explain notably high rates of HIV infection among female offenders) and an expanded assessment of motivations for and perceived benefits of substance use. Together, results should help clarify how best to deliver treatment to offenders with the goal of reducing the rates of substance abuse, HIV infection, and crime in our community.