Individuality and malleability in the human voice: Articulatory setting and its implications for forensic speaker comparison.

人声的个性和可塑性：发音设置及其对法医说话人比较的影响。

• 批准号: 2035868
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lancaster University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2035868
• 关键词: Individuality; malleability; human; voice; Articulatory

Voice is fundamental to human identity. It conveys extensive social information about a speaker, such as age, gender identity, and regional background, while also providing a means by which a person can be recognised as an individual. This hypothesised individuality of the human voice is highly significant within a forensic context; it is not uncommon for forensic phoneticians to be called upon in criminal investigations to assess whether a recorded speech sample is similar to that of a suspect (Nolan, 1991). While voice can be a robust indicator of identity, it is also incredibly malleable. Individuals vary their speech across different contexts (Sharma,2011) and some speakers can imitate the speech of others to a high degree of accuracy (Leemann & Kolly,2015). This dynamic between the voice as individual and malleable is problematic for forensic casework, which favours contexts of high between-speaker and low within-speaker variability. It also raises questions about whether there is anything fundamentally unique to an individual's voice. Determining whether voices are unique and, if so, in which dimensions, is essential in establishing the reliability of forensic speaker comparison

声音是人类身份的基础。它传达了关于说话者的广泛社会信息，如年龄，性别认同和地区背景，同时也提供了一种手段，使一个人可以被识别为一个个体。这种假设的人类声音的个性在法医环境中非常重要;在刑事调查中，法医语音学家被要求评估录音语音样本是否与嫌疑人相似并不罕见（Nolan，1991）。虽然声音可以作为身份的有力指标，但它也具有令人难以置信的可塑性。个体在不同的语境中会改变他们的语言（Sharma，2011），一些说话者可以高度准确地模仿他人的语言（Leemann & Kolly，2015）。声音作为个体和可塑性之间的这种动态对于法医案例工作是有问题的，法医案例工作有利于说话者之间的高变异性和说话者内的低变异性。它还提出了一个问题，即个人的声音是否有任何根本的独特之处。确定声音是否是独特的，如果是，在哪些方面，是建立法医说话人比较的可靠性至关重要的