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How environmentally-induced adaptation and migration events have shaped the DNA of worldwide human populations

环境引起的适应和迁徙事件如何塑造了全世界人口的 DNA

基本信息

批准号：
2066584
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University College London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2018 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2066584
关键词：
How environmentally induced adaptation migration

项目摘要

Human genetic diversity varies between populations due to a large range of processes. This PhD will investigate the genetic structure and signals of admixture and adaptation in worldwide human populations and relate these findings to environmental factors, using unpublished DNA data from >2000 individuals that e.g. represent >200 ethnicities sampled across Africa. I will determine how genetic relatedness among populations is shaped by geographical, topographical, historical, and social factors, such as shared linguistics and customs. I will then apply state-of-the-art statistical methods to provide detailed inference of which groups have intermixed and when, which I will compare to records of environmental and political change that may have instigated the large-scale movement of peoples (e.g. the expansion of the Bantu agropastorialists throughout sub-Saharan Africa). Furthermore, I will identify regions of the genome that show evidence of selection, and the specific populations that carry these selection signals in order to understand the common environmental pressures (e.g. infectious disease, diet, climate, social factors) that have impacted human adaptation in different parts of the world. Finally, I will use our unprecedented African resource to shed new light on the longstanding controversy regarding the number and routes of initial waves of migration out of Africa.

人类遗传多样性因各种过程而在种群之间存在差异。该博士将研究全球人群的遗传结构和混合和适应信号，并将这些发现与环境因素联系起来，使用来自>2000个个体的未发表的DNA数据，例如代表非洲各地采样的>200个种族。我将确定种群之间的遗传相关性如何受到地理，地形，历史和社会因素的影响，如共同的语言和习俗。然后，我将运用最先进的统计方法，详细推断出哪些群体在何时混合，我将把这些方法与可能引发大规模人口流动的环境和政治变化的记录进行比较（例如，班图人在整个撒哈拉以南非洲地区的农牧扩张）。此外，我将确定显示选择证据的基因组区域，以及携带这些选择信号的特定人群，以了解影响世界不同地区人类适应的共同环境压力（例如传染病，饮食，气候，社会因素）。最后，我将利用我们前所未有的非洲资源，重新阐明关于最初一波非洲外移潮的人数和路线的长期争议。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（3）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Evidence of the interplay of genetics and culture in Ethiopia.

DOI：
10.1038/s41467-021-23712-w
发表时间：
2021-06-11
期刊：
Nature communications
影响因子：
16.6
作者：
López S;Tarekegn A;Band G;van Dorp L;Bird N;Morris S;Oljira T;Mekonnen E;Bekele E;Blench R;Thomas MG;Bradman N;Hellenthal G
通讯作者：
Hellenthal G

Dense sampling of ethnic groups within African countries reveals fine-scale genetic structure and extensive historical admixture.