THE ANOPHELES GAMBIAE GENOME PROJECT

疟疾、结核病和艾滋病是世界上人类死亡的三个主要病原体特异性原因。 世界上90%以上的疟疾发生在非洲，冈比亚按蚊是那里的主要媒介。人类和疟疾寄生虫基因组计划正在进行中，预计将在未来一两年内完成。 该提案旨在启动冈比亚按蚊基因组项目，期望获得寄生虫、人类宿主和载体的基因组将导致开发新的疟疾控制策略。 这项建议的近期目标如下：（1）对来自标准化cDNA文库的10，000个EST进行测序，所述标准化cDNA文库由五种不同蚊子组织中的每一种制成（唾液腺、中肠、脂肪体、头部和免疫应答细胞系），（2）将2，000个基因组DNA细菌人工染色体（BAC）物理定位到蚊子的多线染色体，（3）对25个基因组DNA的两端进行测序，000个基因组DNA BAC，以及（4）通过对3兆碱基的序列进行测序来评估蚊子和果蝇之间的局部尺度同线性，所述序列被选择为与充分研究的D. Adh区 这4个目标将为直接基因发现、基因表达分析（通过微阵列技术）以及确定黑腹果蝇和黑腹果蝇之间的广泛（多线染色体水平）和局部（巨染色体序列水平）同线性提供序列。冈比亚。 它们还将促进随后的全基因组测序项目，无论是通过序列标记连接器策略还是通过鸟枪策略。 该项目的结构涉及美国和欧洲机构的参与，使其成为一项国际努力。 长远的目标是鼓励广泛的资助机构加入支持对这种蚊子的整个基因组进行测序的努力。

Malaria, tuberculosis, and AIDS are three major pathogen-specific causes of human mortality in the world. More than 90% of the world's malaria is in Africa, where the mosquito Anopheles gambiae is the primary vector. Human and malaria parasite genome projects are now underway and expected to be complete within the next year or two. This proposal seeks to initiate an A.gambiae genome project, with the expectation that the availability of the genomes of the parasite, human host, and the vector will lead to the development of novel malaria control strategies. The immediate aims of this proposal are the following: (1)to sequence 10,000 ESTs from normalized cDNA libraries made from each of five different mosquito tissues (salivary gland, midgut, fatbody, head, and immune- responsive cell lines), (2) to physically map to the mosquito's polytene chromosomes 2,000 genomic DNA Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes (BACs), (3) to sequence both ends of 25,000 genomic DNA BACs, and (4) to assess local scale synteny between the mosquito and Drosophila melanogaster by sequencing 3 megabases of sequence selected to be homologous with the well studied D. melanogaster Adh region. These 4 aims will provide sequences for direct gene discovery, for gene expression analysis (by microarray techniques), and for the determination of broad (polytene chromosome level) and local (megabase sequence level) synteny between D .melanogaster and A. gambiae. They will also facilitate a subsequent full genome sequencing project, either by a Sequence Tagged Connector strategy or by a shotgun strategy. The project is structured to involve the participation of both US and European institutions so as to make this an international effort. The long range is to encourage a broad range of funding agencies to join in supporting an effort to sequence the entire genome of this mosquito.