EVALUATION OF CARCINOGENIC RISKS TO HUMANS

IARC人类致癌风险评估专著计划的目标是批判性地审查和评估所有已发表的生物、物理和化学制剂、复杂混合物以及人类暴露在环境中的致癌风险的科学证据的强度，并将这些审查和评估以书籍的形式作为IARC专著出版。长期目标是提供对人类癌症的所有重要环境因素的评估，并在新的发现提供可能改变先前评估的额外证据时，重新评估那些在初始评估时证据不完整的因素。近期的另一个目标是用完整的、可搜索的电子版来补充现有的硬拷贝出版物，这些电子版将通过互联网和光盘在网上提供。IARC专著的序言部分定义了根据流行病学研究、实验动物致癌性生物测定和其他相关数据(如毒性、新陈代谢、遗传毒理学和致癌作用机制)进行致癌性评估的指导原则。由科学和公共卫生专家组成的特设国际咨询小组每隔大约五年在全球范围内征集评价提名，并确定优先次序。该方案赞助关于致癌机制和与评价致癌性有关的其他主题的科学会议，并(在互联网上以电子形式)出版一份全世界正在进行致癌性测试的制剂名录，以便利科学家之间的交流，减少不必要的重复工作。IARC专著的每一卷都是由来自8-12个国家的202-25名癌症流行病学、实验性癌症发生和相关学科专家组成的国际工作组审议的结果，该工作组在里昂举行了为期一周的会议；每年举行三次会议。这些专著对科学家和公共卫生官员来说是有价值的，是对已发表文献的权威总结；对监管当局来说是作为风险评估、风险管理和风险管理举措基础的信息来源之一；对个人来说是可靠的参考文本。

The objectives of the IARC Monographs Programme on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans are to critically review and evaluate the strength of the total published scientific evidence for carcinogenic risk from biological, physical, and chemical agents, complex mixtures, and exposure circumstances to which humans are exposed, and to publish these reviews and evaluations in book form as IARC Monographs. The long-term goal is to provide evaluations of all significant environmental contributing causes of human cancer, and to re-evaluate those for which evidence is incomplete at the time of initial evaluation whenever new findings provide additional evidence which may change a previous evaluation. A further goal for the immediate future that is to supplement the existing hard-copy publications by complete, searchable electronic versions that will be available both on-line by internet and as CD-ROM. The Preamble to the IARC Monographs defines the guiding principles for making evaluations of carcinogenicity on the basis of epidemiologic studies, bioassays for carcinogenicity in experimental animals, and other relevant data (e.g., toxicity, metabolism, genetic toxicology, and mechanisms of carcinogen action). Nominations for evaluations are solicited worldwide and prioritized and prioritized by ad-hoc international advisory groups of scientific and public health experts at intervals of approximately five years. The Programme sponsors scientific meetings on carcinogenic mechanisms and other subjects relevant to evaluations of carcinogenicity, and publishes (in electronic form on the Internet) a Directory of Agents being Tested for Carcinogenicity worldwide, to facilitate communication among scientists and to reduce unnecessary duplication of effort. Each volume of the IARC Monographs results from the deliberations of an international working group of 202-25 experts in cancer epidemiology, experimental carcinogenesis and related disciplines from 8-12 countries which meets in Lyon for one week; three meetings are held each year. The Monographs are of value to scientists and public health officials as authoritative summaries of the published literature; to regulatory authorities as one source of information on which to base risk assessments and risk management and risk management initiatives; and to private individuals as a reliable reference text.