Maintenance of Immunologic Memory to Measles Vaccine

描述：(改编自申请者摘要)Peter Panum报道 1846年法罗群岛的麻疹疫情；他指出，这些人 在65年前的上一次疫情中患上麻疹的人幸免于难。这 是现代第一次观察到免疫记忆是 长命百岁。1968年，目前的麻疹减毒活疫苗获得许可。 30年后，美国没有发现本土的麻疹病例。 这种疫苗的成功凸显了研制疫苗的必要性。 对于其他长期免疫记忆不明显的病原体 (例如流感、呼吸道合胞病毒和艾滋病毒)。为此， 该方案的目标是建立一种长期免疫学的动物模型。 对恒河猴接种麻疹疫苗的记忆。麻疹病毒在中国是致病的 恒河猴与感染猴的免疫反应相似 这些在人类身上。用麻疹减毒活疫苗免疫猕猴 在挑战之后保护他们免受系统性感染和疾病 致病性麻疹病毒。这一提议有两个目标和假设。 1.记忆B和T细胞在血液和身体组织中循环 与幼稚细胞不同，淋巴细胞循环和 在组织中的滞留与最初的免疫途径有关。2. 在长期记忆中持续存在的记忆B和T细胞的水平是 由初级免疫过程中产生的病毒抗原量决定 回应。

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted from Applicant's Abstract) Peter Panum reported on a measles epidemic in the Faroe Islands in 1846; he noted that those individuals who had measles during the last epidemic, 65 years earlier, were spared. This was the first observation in the modern era that immunologic memory is long-lived. In 1968, the current live-attenuated measles vaccine was licensed and 30 years later, no indigenous cases of measles were detected in the U.S. The success of this vaccine underscores the necessity for developing vaccines for other pathogens for which long-lived immunologic memory is not apparent (e.g. influenza, respiratory syncytial virus and HIV). Toward this end, the goal of this proposal is to establish an animal model of long-term immunologic memory to measles vaccine in the rhesus monkey. Measles virus is pathogenic in rhesus monkeys and the immune responses of infected monkeys are similar to those in humans. Vaccination of monkeys with live attenuated measles vaccine protects them from systemic infection and disease after challenge with pathogenic measles virus. There are two aims and hypotheses for this proposal. 1. Memory B and T cells circulate in the blood and through body tissues differently than do naive cells, and patterns of Iymphocyte circulation and retention in tissues are related to the initial route of immunization. 2. The levels of memory B and T cells that persist during long-term memory are determined by the amount of viral antigen produced during the primary immune response.