Hormonal Regulation of the Insect Epidermis

昆虫表皮的激素调节

• 批准号: 6621694
• 负责人: LYNN M RIDDIFORD
• 金额: $ 31.47万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1979
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1979-01-01 至 2006-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6621694
• 关键词: Manduca; autoradiography; decarboxylases; ecdysone; enzyme substrate; flow cytometry; gene expression; gene interaction; genetic manipulation; green fluorescent proteins; hormone receptor; hormone regulation /control mechanism; immunocytochemistry; in situ hybridization; invertebrate cuticle; invertebrate embryology; juvenile hormones; metamorphosis; microarray technology; molecular cloning; molting; transcription factor; transfection

DESCRIPTION: (provided by the applicant): Our long-term goal is to understand how the steroid ecdysone and the sesquiterpenoid juvenile hormone (JET) act at the cellular and molecular level to coordinate insect growth, molting and metamorphosis. Ecdysone causes molting and the genetic switches necessary for metamorphosis, while JR prevents these switches but does not interfere with molting. To elucidate the nature of this action of JET, we will concentrate on how it regulates the expression of the ecdysone-induced cascade of transcription factors that initiate the molt in the epidermis and its derivatives, primarily the "early" genes E74, E75, and BroadComplex (BR-C), the latter of which appears only at metamorphosis. These studies will use both Drosophila and the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta, since the effects of JR are well defined in Manduca where the epidermis expresses a larval program of differentiation in the presence of JH, then at metamorphosis in its absence switches to a pupal program then an adult program. The abdominal histoblasts of Drosophila show a similar response to JET so that we can use the techniques of Drosophila genetics. Our specific aims over the next 5 years are: 1) To study the function of the ecdysone-induced BR-C transcription factors as pupal-specific factors regulating cuticle synthesis in both Drosophila and Manduca, using mis-expression and deletion techniques. 2) To study the regulation of BR-C by JET in Drosophila at both the morphological and the molecular level. 3) To study the regulation of the ecdysone-induced transcription factor E74 by JR and compare it with that of E75. 4) To elucidate the molecular basis of the JR-induced suppression of the eye primordium during larval development of Manduca. 5) To look for other JR-regulated genes in Drosophila using a Drosophila gene chip. Switches in gene expression are common in development and usually are mediated by various signaling molecules. A deeper understanding of the action of JR in directing the DNA regulatory actions of a steroid should enhance our understanding of how retinoids and other small lipophilic molecules may regulate vertebrate development. It is also Important for the design of new types of insect growth regulators to control insect vectors of disease.

描述：（由申请人提供）：我们的长期目标是了解 类固醇蜕皮激素和倍半萜类保幼激素（JET）如何在 在细胞和分子水平上协调昆虫的生长、蜕皮和 变态蜕皮激素导致蜕皮和必要的基因开关， 变态，而JR阻止这些开关，但不干扰 蜕皮为了阐明JET这一行动的性质，我们将集中于 它是如何调节蜕皮激素诱导的 启动表皮蜕皮的转录因子及其 这些衍生物，主要是"早期"基因E74、E75和BroadComplex（BR-C）， 后者仅在变态时出现。这些研究将使用 果蝇和烟草天蛾，因为JR的影响是 在Manduca中定义明确，其中表皮表达幼虫程序， 在有JH的情况下分化，然后在没有JH的情况下变态 切换到蛹程序然后是成虫程序。腹部组织细胞 果蝇对JET也有类似的反应，因此我们可以使用 果蝇遗传学未来五年，我们的具体目标是：（1）研究 蜕皮激素诱导的BR-C转录因子的功能 蛹特异性因子调节果蝇和 Manduca，使用错误表达和删除技术。2)研究 JET在果蝇中对BR-C的调节， 分子水平。3)研究蜕皮激素诱导的细胞凋亡的调控机制 转录因子E74与E75的表达水平进行比较。4)阐明 JR诱导的眼原基抑制的分子基础， Manduca的幼虫发育。5)为了寻找其他JR调控基因， 使用果蝇基因芯片。基因表达中的开关很常见 在发育中，通常由各种信号分子介导。一 更深入地了解JR在指导DNA调控中的作用， 类固醇的作用应该会增强我们对类维生素A和 其他小的亲脂性分子可以调节脊椎动物的发育。是 对设计新型昆虫生长调节剂也很重要， 控制病媒昆虫。