Pediatric Asthma, Particulate Air Pollution and NO2

小儿哮喘、空气颗粒物污染和二氧化氮

• 批准号: 6612912
• 负责人: RALPH J DELFINO
• 金额: $ 61.4万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-07-15 至 2007-04-03
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6612912
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); air pollution; air sampling /monitoring; asthma; clinical research; engine exhaust; environmental exposure; human subject; middle childhood (6-11); nitrogen compounds; particle; patient oriented research; pollutant interaction; pollution related respiratory disorder; respiratory disorder epidemiology; respiratory function

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The pro-inflammatory role of air pollutants and their modifying influence on allergic inflammation may partly explain the increase in asthma prevalence, morbidity, and mortality. Agents that have major acute effects must be considered along with an understanding of the relevant personal exposures of susceptible individuals. However, it is unclear from the epidemiological research the extent to which associations between asthma outcomes and regulated EPA criteria air pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2)are independent or attributable to other monitored criteria pollutants such as particulate matter (PM) mass, or to air toxics not usually monitored such as combustion-related organic compounds. We propose to conduct an asthma panel study with daily repeated measurements of morbidity and pollutant exposures in 64 pediatric asthmatics living in areas with high air pollution levels: an area of East Los Angeles (vehicular emission source site) and Riverside (down-wind smog receptor site). Morbidity will be measured as acute asthma symptom severity, lung function, and as-needed asthma medication use. Specific Aims include examining the relationships of daily asthma morbidity to: (1) personal exposures to airborne PM measured in real-time; (2) personal exposures to 24-hr average concentrations of PM10 elemental and organic compounds (EC-OC); (3) personal exposures to 24-hr average NO2 collected concurrently with the above exposures; and (4) NO2 and PM exposures in single as compared with co-pollutant models using the metrics in aims one-three. Strengths of independent and interactive pollutant effects will be examined to test the hypothesis that personal PM exposures, including EC-OC, modifies the respiratory health effects of personal NO2 exposures, but confounds outdoor NO2, an indicator gas for traffic-related pollutants. Personal exposure models will be developed using a nested sample of personal exposures to predict PM and NO2 exposures for the two study regions. Two panels of 32 asthmatics will be followed for two months, one at each site (total 3,584 person-days). Dosimetric models will be developed using personal and exposure-adjusted PM and NO2 above to assess whether dose estimates enhance associations. Long-term goals are to improve knowledge about the independent and combined adverse effects of particulate and gaseous air pollutants by examining acute exposures and responses using ambulatory monitoring methods.

描述（由申请人提供）：空气的促炎作用 污染物及其对过敏性炎症的改变可能部分 解释哮喘患病率，发病率和死亡率的增加。代理商 必须考虑具有重大急性效果的主要影响 易感人的相关个人暴露。但是，是 从流行病学研究中不清楚关联的程度 在哮喘结局和受调节的EPA标准空气污染物（例如 氮二氧化氮（NO2）是独立的或可归因于其他受监测的 标准污染物，例如颗粒物（PM）质量或空气毒物而不是空气 通常受到监测，例如与燃烧相关的有机化合物。我们建议 进行哮喘小组研究，每天重复测量发病率和 居住在空气高的地区的64种小儿哮喘患者中的污染物暴露 污染水平：东洛杉矶的一个地区（车辆排放源地点） 和河滨（偏僻的烟雾受体部位）。发病率将被衡量 急性哮喘症状严重程度，肺功能和哮喘药物 使用。具体目的包括检查日常哮喘的关系 发病率：（1）实时测量的机载PM的个人暴露； （2） 个人暴露于24小时的PM10元素的平均浓度和 有机化合物（EC-OC）； （3）个人暴露于24小时平均NO2 与上述暴露同时收集； （4）NO2和PM暴露 与使用AIM中的指标相比，单一与共污染物模型相比 三分之一。独立和互动污染物效应的优势将是 检查以检验以下假设：个人PM暴露，包括EC-OC， 修改个人NO2暴露的呼吸健康影响，但 混淆了户外NO2，这是与交通相关污染物的指标气体。 个人曝光模型将使用个人嵌套样本开发 为两个研究区域预测PM和NO2暴露的暴露。两个面板 在32次哮喘患者中，将持续两个月，一个在每个地点（总计3,584 人日）。剂量学模型将使用个人和 通过暴露调整后的PM和上面的NO2评估剂量估计是否增强 协会。长期目标是提高对独立的知识 并结合了颗粒和气态空气污染物的不利影响 使用卧床监测方法检查急性暴露和反应。