Project 6: Characterization of Exposures of Urban and Rural Cohorts to

在项目6中，我们将评估一组城市儿童暴露于大气中的多氯联苯， 母亲在严重污染的地区，其中疏浚和填充多氯联苯负载沉积物将发生在 学习期间。将在四年内通过重复空气采样评估暴露情况， 在受试者的家外和当地学校，还通过每年的血液采集和分析， 多氯联苯同系物概况。这些暴露将与农村站点进行比较，目的是表征 高暴露和低暴露居民队列的大气多氯联苯暴露。市区（印第安纳州东芝加哥） 过去密集的工业活动遗留下多氯联苯污染，而农村地区（哥伦布 Junction，IA）没有本地多氯联苯来源。该研究的总体目标是建立空中 种族混合人群的暴露， 更易挥发的多氯联苯提出了以下具体目标：目标1）建立一个居住队列 （n=108）在东芝加哥。目的2）在哥伦布喷气式飞机上建立一个居民队列（n=108）。目标3）措施 城市和农村家庭和学校4年多来大气中多氯联苯的排放和接触 同伙目的4）收集受试者的人口、居住、职业、活动和饮食信息 通过问卷调查。目的5）分析这些群体的数据，并建立一个大气接触模型 多氯联苯同系物。印第安纳州港口和运河疏浚项目将放置450万立方码的 将受多氯联苯污染的沉积物排入位于中部1/2公里范围内的封闭式处置设施， 东芝加哥的一所高中因此，我们会在进行空气和血液监测前， 在疏浚和CDF填充期间，并描述暴露的决定因素。四个主要假设将是 测试：H，：东芝加哥的居民对大气中多氯联苯和（H2：）的暴露量显着较高 空气中多氯联苯同系物的血液水平明显高于生活在爱荷华州农村的人。H3：在 城市队列和农村队列，青少年受试者的大气PCB同系物的身体负担 与他们母亲的有显著的相关性。H4：东芝加哥的居民将体验 大气中多氯联苯的暴露量显著增加， 暂时与印第安纳州港的疏浚和沉积物在密闭处置设施的放置。

In Project 6 we will assess exposures to atmospheric PCBs among an urban cohort of children and their mothers in a heavily contaminated area where dredging and filling of PCB-laden sediments will occur during the study period. Exposures will be assessed through repeated air sampling over four years inside and outside of homes of subjects and at local schools and also through annual blood collection and assay for PCB congener profiles. These exposures will be compared to a rural site with the goal of characterizing atmospheric PCB exposures in high and low exposure residential cohorts. The urban site (East Chicago, IN) has a legacy of PCB contamination from intense past industrial activity whereas the rural site (Columbus Junction, IA) is without local sources of PCBs. The overall goal of the study is to establish airborne exposures of ethnically mixed populations, most and least at risk for adverse health outcomes from the more volatile PCBs. The following Specific Aims are proposed: Aim 1) Establish a residential cohort (n=108) in East Chicago. Aim 2) Establish a residential cohort (n=108) in Columbus Jet. Aim 3) Measure emissions and exposures of atmospheric PCBs at homes and schools over 4 years in the urban and rural cohorts. Aim 4) Gather demographic, residential, occupational, activity and dietary information from subjects by questionnaire. Aim 5) Analyze data from these cohorts and develop an exposure model for the atmospheric PCB congeners. The Indiana Harbor and Canal Dredging Project will place 4.5 million cubic yards of PCB-contaminated sediment into a confined disposal facility (CDF) located within 1/2 km of the middle and high school in East Chicago. Thus, we will perform air and blood monitoring of nearby residents before and during dredging and CDF filling and characterize determinants of exposure. Four primary hypotheses will be tested: H,: Residents of East Chicago have significantly higher exposures to atmospheric PCBs and (H2:) significantly higher blood levels of atmospheric PCB congeners than people living in rural Iowa. H3: In the urban cohort and the rural cohort, the body burden of the atmospheric PCB congeners of adolescent subjects are significantly correlated with those of their mothers. H4: Residents of East Chicago will experience significantly increased exposures to atmospheric PCBs and increased blood PCB concentrations associated temporally with the dredging of Indiana Harbor and placement of sediments in the confined disposal facility.