EXPOSURE OF INDOOR PESTICIDES & PCBS--EFFECTS ON GROWTH & NEURODEVELOPMENT

美国市中心的儿童接触到了多个已知和 潜在的神经发育毒物，包括杀虫剂、多氯联苯和 领头。有机磷农药，如毒死蜱，是一种特殊的 担忧。它们得到了广泛的应用，而且它们的使用似乎正在增加。 最近的动物数据，尚未在人类身上得到证实，表明毒死蜱 相对较低的暴露水平会损害神经细胞的发育 胎儿的大脑。探讨电流对神经发育的影响 暴露在市中心的环境毒物中，我们建议 在一个民族地区进行为期五年的前瞻性流行病学研究 不同的出生群体。纽约市的孩子们。我们的主要目标是 以确定出生前和产后是否暴露在环境中 毒物与智力和精神运动发育迟缓有关。 我们计划跟踪300名未分娩的母亲和她们的新生儿 在西奈山医院分娩(150名非洲裔美国人和150名非洲裔美国人 拉美裔)。母亲将在产前登记，并 这些婴儿将在出生时、1岁和2岁时接受评估。至 评估环境暴露，将获得生物样本 包括孕妇血清、孕妇尿液、脐带血和婴儿尿液。 调查问卷将评估室内杀虫剂的使用，居住史， 饮食摄入量，特别是鱼的摄入量以及其他相关的 将在产前对母亲进行特征管理 以及产后随访评估。对100套住房进行了分样本调查 东哈莱姆将被参观，房屋和地毯上的灰尘，以及手 擦拭玩具样本及擦拭样本将会评估是否含有毒死蜱。 出生前的水平，以及第二年和第五年的水平 项目。此子示例将用作外部比较或控件 小组到项目1中跟踪的干预组。评估 婴儿和儿童将使用Braelton新生儿行为量表 出生时评估量表和贝利婴儿发育量表 一岁和两岁。这项研究的独特贡献在于它将 评估电磁场对儿童生长发育和神经发育的影响 市中心有多种潜在的发育毒物暴露， 少数族裔儿童。早期发育减退可能导致终生 神经发育和行为障碍。

Children in America's inner cities are exposed to multiple known and potential neurodevelopmental toxicants, including pesticides, PCBs and lead. Organophosphate pesticides, such as chlorpyrifos, are of special concern. They are applied widely, and their use appears to be increasing. Recent animal data, not yet confirmed in humans, suggest that chlorpyrifos at relatively low levels of exposure can impair neuronal development in the fetal brain. To explore the neurodevelopmental impact of current exposures to environmental toxicants in the inner city, we propose to undertake a five-year prospective epidemiologic study in a ethnically diverse birth cohort. of New York City children. Our primary objective is to determine whether pre- and post-natal exposures to environmental toxicants are associated with delayed mental and psychomotor development. We plan to follow 300 nulliparous mothers and their newborn children delivered at the Mount Sinai Hospital (150 African-Americans and 150 Hispanics). The mothers will be enrolled during the prenatal period and the infants will be evaluated at birth, 1 year and 2 years of age. To assess environmental exposures, biological specimens will be obtained including maternal serum, maternal urine, cord blood, and infant urine. Questionnaires that will assess indoor pesticide use, residential history, dietary intake, especially fish consumption, as well as other relevant characteristics will be administered to the mothers during the prenatal as well as the postnatal follow-up assessments. A subsample of 100 homes in East Harlem will be visited, and house and carpet dust, as well as "hand wipe" samples and wipe samples of toys will be assessed for chlorpyrifos levels during the prenatal period and again during year 2 and 5 of this project. This subsample will serve as an external comparison or control group to the intervention group being followed in Project 1. Evaluation of infants and children will utilize the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale at birth and the Bayley Scales of Infant Development at ages 1 and 2 years. The unique contribution of this study is that it will assess the effects on childhood growth and neuro-development of current multiple potential exposures to developmental toxicants among inner-city, minority children. Decrements in early development can lead to lifelong neurodevelopmental and behavioral impairments.