Pesticides/Enodcrine Disruptors/Childhood Growth/Develop

描述(申请人提供)：美国市中心的儿童暴露在多种已知和潜在的神经发育毒物中。该项目的总体目标是审查接触EDs、杀虫剂和多氯联苯与已经存在的种族和族裔多样化的城市母亲和儿童的儿童生长和发育之间的联系。该项目将继续评估产前暴露于有机磷(包括毒死蜱)、拟除虫菊酯和多氯联苯对生长和神经行为发育的影响。作为一个新的方向，研究人员计划评估潜在的内分泌干扰化学品，特别是邻苯二甲酸盐和双酚A对胎儿、婴儿和儿童生长发育的影响。目前，他们至少有300对积极参与的母婴配对，并将在上一轮赠款的社区干预项目中再增加78名母婴。为了评估环境暴露，储存的和新收集的母婴尿样将与问卷一起使用。评估神经发育的测试包括出生时的布拉塞尔顿新生儿行为评估量表，1岁和2岁时的贝利婴儿发育量表，以及4岁、6岁和7岁时的几项额外测试。生长指标包括胎儿生长指数(出生时的体重、头围和身长)以及1、2、4、6和7岁时的体重、头围和身长，以及4、6和7岁时的体脂百分比和瘦身质量。与项目3合作，调查人员还将评估可能的调节影响 涉及对氧磷酶、脂肪酶和葡萄糖醛酸苷酶的多态和酶活性与这些关联。这项研究的独特之处在于，它评估了目前在市中心、少数民族儿童中多种潜在的发育毒物暴露对儿童生长和神经发育的影响。

Description (provided by applicant): Children in America's inner cities are exposed to multiple known and potential neurodevelopmental toxicants. The overall goal of this project is to examine associations between exposures to EDs, pesticides and PCBs and growth and development of children of an already existing racially and ethnically diverse urban cohort of mothers and children. This project will continue to assess the effects of prenatal exposures to organophosphates (including chlorpyrifos), pyrethroids, and PCBs on growth and neurobehavioral development. As a new direction, the investigators plan to assess the impacts of potentially endocrine disrupting chemicals, specifically phthalates and bisphenol A on fetal, infant and childhood growth and development. Currently, they have at least 300 actively participating mother?infant pairs and will add another 78 mothers and infants from a community intervention project in the previous cycle of this grant. To assess environmental exposure, both stored and newly collected maternal and infant urinary samples will be used along with questionnaires. Tests to assess neurodevelopment include the Brazelton Neonatal Behavior Assessment Scale at birth, the Bayley Scales of Infant Development at ages 1 and 2 years, and several additional tests at ages 4, 6 and 7 years. Growth measures include indices of fetal growth (weight, head circumference and length at birth) as well as weight, head circumference, and length at ages 1, 2, 4, 6, and 7 years and percent body fat and lean mass at ages 4, 6, and 7 years. In collaboration with Project 3, the investigators will also assess possible modulating influences of polymorphisms and enzymatic activity involving paraoxonases, lipases and glucuronidases on these associations. The unique contribution of this study is that it assesses the effects on childhood growth and neurodevelopment of current multiple potential exposures to developmental toxicants among inner city, minority children.