Direct and Indirect Measures of Glottal Volume Velocity

声门容积速度的直接和间接测量

• 批准号: 6547838
• 负责人: GERALD S. BERKE
• 金额: $ 31.15万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-07-01 至 2007-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6547838
• 关键词: auditory discrimination; behavioral /social science research tag; biomechanics; digital imaging; dogs; environmental air flow measurement; human tissue; laryngeal nerves; larynx; postmortem; respiratory airway pressure; respiratory airway volume; sound; speech; speech recognition; vibration

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): An ultimate goal of speech research is to develop a common theoretical framework that will link together physiology, acoustics, and speech perception. Such a unified approach is essential in explaining how tissue movement finally results in the perception of speech sounds. The proposed research evaluates a major assumption underlying the linear source-filter theory of speech production: that the glottal source and vocal tract are independent, and thus can be effectively separated using linear techniques. Because this same assumption underlies conventional inverse filtering (which is based on linear source-filter theory), results will also serve to validate this technique for estimating the glottal volume velocity. Estimates of the voice source from inverse filtering will be compared to the volume velocity calculated in a more direct but invasive manner. Because the volume velocity cannot ethically be measured directly in living humans, direct estimates will be generated in excised human laryngeal and in vivo canine models, by using anemometry to measure the exit jet particle velocity at the glottis and then multiplying this result by glottal area measures derived from high-speed imaging. Studies will examine a great range of normal and pathological phonatory configurations, and comparisons to inverse filtered data will lead to modifications in techniques to improve filter validity when necessary. By comparing volume velocity estimates from laryngeal modeling to those indirectly derived from inverse filtering the acoustic signal, the validity of inverse filtering for estimating the volume velocity will be established. Such studies will also illuminate the relationship between glottal dynamics and vocal acoustics, and thus will ultimately contribute to an enhanced basic understanding of the biomechanics of voice production and the practical limits of linear source filter theory in general. The primary hypothesis of this research is that the assumptions of linear source-filter theory hold for specific, limited regions of phonation. The goal of this research is to determine the regions over which these assumptions do not hold, and to quantify the interactions between source and filter across a wide variety of vocal configurations.

描述（由申请人提供）：语音研究的最终目标是建立一个共同的理论框架，将生理学，声学和语音感知联系在一起。这样一个统一的方法是必不可少的解释如何组织运动最终导致语音的感知。拟议的研究评估了一个主要的假设，潜在的线性源过滤器理论的语音产生：声门源和声道是独立的，因此可以有效地分离使用线性技术。因为这个相同的假设是基于传统的逆滤波（其基于线性源滤波器理论），所以结果也将用于验证用于估计声门体积速度的这种技术。来自逆滤波的语音源的估计将与以更直接但侵入性的方式计算的音量速度进行比较。由于无法在活体人体中直接测量体积速度，因此将在切除的人喉和体内犬模型中产生直接估计值，方法是使用风速计测量声门处的出口射流粒子速度，然后将该结果乘以从高速成像获得的声门面积测量值。研究将检查一个很大的范围内的正常和病理发声配置，并与反向过滤数据的比较将导致修改技术，以提高过滤器的有效性，必要时。通过将来自喉部建模的体积速度估计与从声学信号的逆滤波间接导出的体积速度估计进行比较，将建立逆滤波用于估计体积速度的有效性。这些研究也将阐明声门动力学和声乐之间的关系，从而最终将有助于提高基本的了解的生物力学的声音生产和线性源滤波器理论的实际限制一般。本研究的主要假设是线性源-滤理论的假设适用于特定的、有限的发声区域。本研究的目标是确定这些假设不成立的区域，并量化各种声音配置中源和滤波器之间的相互作用。