Direct and Indirect Measures of Glottal Volume Velocity

声门容积速度的直接和间接测量

• 批准号: 7086866
• 负责人: GERALD S. BERKE
• 金额: $ 33.19万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-07-01 至 2009-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7086866
• 关键词: auditory discrimination; behavioral /social science research tag; biomechanics; digital imaging; dogs; environmental air flow measurement; human tissue; laryngeal nerves; larynx; postmortem; respiratory airway pressure; respiratory airway volume; sound; speech; speech recognition; vibration

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): An ultimate goal of speech research is to develop a common theoretical framework that will link together physiology, acoustics, and speech perception. Such a unified approach is essential in explaining how tissue movement finally results in the perception of speech sounds. The proposed research evaluates a major assumption underlying the linear source-filter theory of speech production: that the glottal source and vocal tract are independent, and thus can be effectively separated using linear techniques. Because this same assumption underlies conventional inverse filtering (which is based on linear source-filter theory), results will also serve to validate this technique for estimating the glottal volume velocity. Estimates of the voice source from inverse filtering will be compared to the volume velocity calculated in a more direct but invasive manner. Because the volume velocity cannot ethically be measured directly in living humans, direct estimates will be generated in excised human laryngeal and in vivo canine models, by using anemometry to measure the exit jet particle velocity at the glottis and then multiplying this result by glottal area measures derived from high-speed imaging. Studies will examine a great range of normal and pathological phonatory configurations, and comparisons to inverse filtered data will lead to modifications in techniques to improve filter validity when necessary. By comparing volume velocity estimates from laryngeal modeling to those indirectly derived from inverse filtering the acoustic signal, the validity of inverse filtering for estimating the volume velocity will be established. Such studies will also illuminate the relationship between glottal dynamics and vocal acoustics, and thus will ultimately contribute to an enhanced basic understanding of the biomechanics of voice production and the practical limits of linear source filter theory in general. The primary hypothesis of this research is that the assumptions of linear source-filter theory hold for specific, limited regions of phonation. The goal of this research is to determine the regions over which these assumptions do not hold, and to quantify the interactions between source and filter across a wide variety of vocal configurations.

描述（由申请人提供）：语音研究的最终目标是开发一个将生理学、声学和语音感知联系在一起的通用理论框架。这种统一的方法对于解释组织运动如何最终导致语音感知至关重要。所提出的研究评估了语音产生的线性源滤波器理论的一个主要假设：声门源和声道是独立的，因此可以使用线性技术有效地分离。因为同样的假设是传统逆滤波（基于线性源滤波器理论）的基础，所以结果也将用于验证这种估计声门体积速度的技术。来自逆滤波的语音源估计将与以更直接但侵入性方式计算的音量速度进行比较。由于在伦理上不能直接测量活人的体积速度，因此将在切除的人喉和体内犬模型中生成直接估计值，方法是使用风速计测量声门处的出口射流粒子速度，然后将该结果乘以来自高速成像的声门面积测量值。研究将检查大量的正常和病理性发声结构，并且与反向过滤数据的比较将导致技术的修改，以在必要时提高过滤的有效性。通过将喉部建模的体积速度估计值与通过声学信号逆向滤波间接得出的体积速度估计值进行比较，将建立逆向滤波用于估计体积速度的有效性。此类研究还将阐明声门动力学和声音声学之间的关系，从而最终有助于增强对发声生物力学的基本理解以及线性源滤波器理论的实际限制。这项研究的主要假设是线性源滤波器理论的假设适用于特定的、有限的发声区域。这项研究的目标是确定这些假设不成立的区域，并量化各种声音配置中源和滤波器之间的相互作用。