Co-operation, conflict and the coordination of care in a social bird

群居鸟类的合作、冲突和照顾协调

• 批准号: 2277756
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Sheffield
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2277756
• 关键词: Co; operation; conflict; coordination; care

Parents often cooperate to care for offspring, but sexual conflict over the amount of care that each provides is inevitable because the selfish interests of parents differ. The resulting 'investment game' between males and females has been explored extensively in species with biparental care, but this game becomes far more complex in cooperative breeding systems where parents are assisted by helpers in caring for young. Investment games in such systems have a highly variable outcome in terms of the relative amounts of care provided by parents and helpers (Green et al. 2016). Most importantly, the mechanism through which carers negotiate the optimal investment of each player has received little attention in either biparental or cooperative breeding systems. This project will investigate how parents and helpers in a cooperatively breeding bird, the long-tailed tit Aegithalos caudatus, coordinate their care for offspring in order to resolve conflicts and maximize individual fitness.The studentship will use data on parental care and fitness from a 25-year study of long-tailed tits, coupled with field observations and experiments, and statistical modeling of investment patterns to achieve the following objectives:1. To determine whether parents and helpers negotiate care through the coordination of visits to nests2. To determine the effect of variability in the coordination of care on offspring condition and survival3. To conduct field observations and experiments to determine the proximate factors affecting coordination of care by parents and helpersThis project will examine patterns of care among parents and helpers, testing multiple hypotheses derived from recent theoretical studies on the causes and consequences of variation in coordination. The student will work on an individually marked population of long-tailed tits near Sheffield for which a detailed database on provisioning behaviour already exists. The student will also conduct novel field experiments and develop statistical models to test hypotheses. This project leads on from recent studies of investment games (Adams et al. 2015) and biparental coordination of care (Bebbington & Hatchwell 2016) in long-tailed tits, and will complement ongoing studies of this species at the study site.

父母经常合作照顾子女，但由于父母的自私利益不同，双方在提供多少照顾方面的性冲突是不可避免的。由此产生的雄性和雌性之间的“投资游戏”在双亲照顾的物种中得到了广泛的探索，但在合作繁殖系统中，这种游戏变得复杂得多，在那里，父母在照顾幼崽方面得到帮手的帮助。这种系统中的投资游戏在父母和帮助者提供的护理的相对量方面具有高度不同的结果(Green等人。2016)。最重要的是，在双亲或合作繁殖系统中，照料者协商每个参与者的最优投资的机制几乎没有受到关注。这个项目将调查长尾山雀的父母和帮手如何协调他们对后代的照顾，以解决冲突和最大限度地提高个体健康。学生将使用长达25年的长尾山雀研究中关于父母关爱和健康的数据，加上实地观察和实验，以及投资模式的统计建模，以实现以下目标：1.确定父母和帮手是否通过协调对巢的访问来协商照顾2。确定护理协调中的变异性对后代状况和生存的影响。进行实地观察和实验，以确定影响父母和帮助者照顾协调的直接因素本项目将研究父母和帮助者之间的照顾模式，检验从最近关于协调变化的原因和后果的理论研究中得出的多个假设。这名学生将在谢菲尔德附近的一个单独标记的长尾山雀种群中工作，这些种群的放养行为已经有了详细的数据库。学生还将进行新颖的实地实验，并开发统计模型来检验假设。这个项目源于最近对投资博弈的研究(亚当斯等人)。(Bebbington&Hatchwell，2016)，并将补充研究地点正在进行的对该物种的研究。