STEM CELLS AND PERIODONTAL BIOENGINEERING

描述(由申请人提供)：干细胞是一组能够为特定分化的细胞类型提供替代细胞的细胞(Blau等人。2001)。在目前的提案中，基于干细胞的技术被应用于产生新型的组织工程化的智能牙周植入物，这种植入物使用仿生策略，最终目标是实现丢失的牙周组织的完全再生。牙周间充质组织，如牙骨质、牙槽骨和牙周膜，是牙根形成时从牙囊中冒出的神经沟实体(Diekwich 2001,2002)。为了模拟牙周细胞从未分化的祖细胞分化而来，我们计划概括和/或模拟牙周组织在发育中的牙周组织分化过程中发生的分子和细胞事件。牙囊和骨髓间充质干细胞已经被分离出来，以确定这些细胞模拟牙周细胞所需的分化条件。为了测试牙周干细胞的适用性，我们建立了一系列的模型系统，在这些系统中，我们将测试使用STRY细胞和仿生支架联合生成生物工程牙周种植体的可行性，以改善牙周再生。有待检验的假设：间充质干细胞具有生成和再生牙周组织、牙骨质、牙槽骨和牙周膜的潜力。为了验证这一假设，我们提出了以下具体目标的研究：1.鉴定和分离用于牙周组织工程的干细胞。2.牙周组织工程干细胞系的建立和鉴定3.探讨干细胞体外分化为牙周细胞的条件。4.问干细胞在组织植入后是否会模仿现有的牙周组织。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Stem cells are a population of cells capable of providing replacement cells for a given differentiated cell type (Blau et al. 2001). In the current proposal, stem cell-based technologies are applied to generate novel tissue-engineered, smart periodontal implants that use biomimetic strategies with the ultimate goal of achieving full regeneration of lost periodontal tissues. Mesenchymal periodontal tissues such as cementum, alveolar bone, and periodontal ligament are neural crest-derived entities that emerge from the dental follicle at the onset of root formation (Diekwisch 2001, 2002). In order to mimic the differentiation of periodontal cells from undifferentiated progenitors we are planning to recapitulate and/or mimic the molecular and cellular events that occur during periodontal tissue differentiation in the developing periodontium. Dental follicle and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have been isolated to determine the differentiation conditions necessary for these cells to mimic periodontal cells. In order to test the applicability of periodontal stem cells, we have established a series of model systems in which we will test the feasibility of using stern cells in conjunction with biomimetic scaffolds to generate bioengineered periodontal implants for improved periodontal regeneration. Hypothesis to be tested: Mesenchymal stem cells have the potential to generate and regenerate periodontal tissues, cementum, alveolar bone, and periodontal ligament. To test this hypothesis, we propose studies with the following Specific Aims: 1. To identify and isolate stem cells for periodontal tissue-engineering. 2. To establish and characterize stem cell lines for periodontal tissueengineering. 3. To test the conditions necessary to differentiate stem cells into periodontal cells in vitro. 4. To ask the question whether stem cells will mimic existing periodontal tissues following tissue implantation.