The influence of environmental variability on the ecological performance of native and non-native marine organisms.

环境变异对本地和非本地海洋生物生态性能的影响。

• 批准号: 2385830
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Southampton
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2385830
• 关键词: influence; environmental; variability; ecological; performance

Coastal marine habitats represent some of the most invaded systems on Earth because of the openness of marine systems and a long history of human activities that translocate species (i.e. shipping, aquaculture). Marine ecosystems are also threatened by climate change, which is altering species interactions, driving shifts in species' distributions, and changes in community structure. There is emerging evidence to suggest that climate change - specifically ocean warming and the frequency of extreme climatic events - may facilitate the spread and establishment of non-native marine species at local [1] and regional [2] scales. Conversely, recent research has shown that some assemblages comprising native and non-native species are resilient to realistic warming scenarios, and that increased temperature stress does not necessarily favour non-native species [3]. Clearly, interactions between climate change and invasive species are poorly resolved, and are likely to be context and species-dependent. This project will address this important knowledge gap by developing novel manipulative experiments to examine how temperature mediates ecological performance of, and interactions between, native and non-native species in model ecosystems. Greater understanding of the responses of native and non-native species to warming and extreme events is critical for predicting ecological change and identifying management strategies.

由于海洋系统的开放性和人类迁移物种的活动（即航运、水产养殖）的悠久历史，沿海海洋生境是地球上受入侵最严重的系统之一。海洋生态系统还受到气候变化的威胁，气候变化正在改变物种的相互作用，推动物种分布的变化和群落结构的变化。新出现的证据表明，气候变化-特别是海洋变暖和极端气候事件的频率-可能促进非本地海洋物种在地方[1]和区域[2]尺度上的扩散和定居。相反，最近的研究表明，一些由本地和非本地物种组成的组合对现实的变暖情景具有弹性，并且增加的温度压力不一定有利于非本地物种[3]。显然，气候变化和入侵物种之间的相互作用还没有得到很好的解决，而且可能取决于环境和物种。该项目将通过开发新的操纵实验来解决这一重要的知识差距，以研究温度如何介导模型生态系统中本地和非本地物种的生态表现及其相互作用。更好地了解本地和非本地物种对变暖和极端事件的反应对于预测生态变化和确定管理战略至关重要。