High resolution cone beam volume CT for breast imaging

描述(申请人提供)：该项目的长期目标是开发一种新的锥束体积计算机断层扫描乳腺成像(CBVCTBI)技术，为乳腺癌检测提供临床上有用的三维(3D)高分辨率断层图像。CBVCTBI只需要一次快速体积扫描(4.8-9.6秒)，就能以2.0-5.0 1p/mm的各向同性分辨率提供乳腺解剖的真实3D描述，并为乳腺癌的检测提供足够的低对比度分辨率和高对比度空间分辨率。临床意义在于，CBVCTBI的低对比度分辨率比传统钼靶摄影更好，将提高乳腺癌检测的敏感性。CBVCTBI以高分辨率感兴趣体积(VOI)重建模式进行靶区成像，也将更好地显示乳腺肿瘤的三维特征；常规钼靶摄影不能提供乳腺癌的三维信息。CBVCTBI将通过计算机模拟、模型和样品研究进行开发和验证，该原型系统是在一个特别设计的DBVCTBI原型系统上进行的，该原型系统使用平板探测器(FPD)和锥束断层扫描采集几何结构。这是一个R21-R33组合项目。R21项目的具体目标包括：1)进行体模研究，以确定乳腺癌成像任务所需的总暴露水平(患者吸收剂量)；2)在双处理器PC工作站上实施和优化快速锥束重建算法；3)对传统乳房X光摄影系统和稍加修改的标准立体定向活检台(将用于原型CBVCTBI扫描仪)进行胸壁附近乳腺覆盖的比较研究，以提供适当覆盖胸壁附近乳房的证据。4)在R33项目期间获得机构审查公猪(IRB)批准对乳房标本进行成像。R33项目期间的具体目标包括：1)估算CBVCTBI技术的腺体辐射剂量；2)根据不同的新体积扫描方案实施和优化锥束重建算法；3)开发基于FPD的原型系统；4)对原型系统进行评估；5)进行体模和标本研究，以验证CBVCTBI技术并优化系统性能。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long term goal of this project is to develop a novel cone beam volume computed tomography breast imaging (CBVCTBI) technique to provide clinically useful three-dimensional (3D) high resolution tomographic images for breast cancer detection. CBVCTBI will require only a single fast volume scanning (4.8-9.6 seconds) to provide true 3D description of breast anatomy with 2.0-5.0 1p/mm isotropic resolution and will provide adequate low contrast resolution and high contrast spatial resolution for breast cancer detection.The clinical significance of CBVCTBI is that it will improve the sensitivity of breast cancer detection due to its much better low contrast resolution, compared to conventional mammography. CBVCTBI with high resolution volume of interest (VOI) reconstruction mode for target imaging, will also better characterize breast tumors three-dimensionally; conventional mammography does not provide 3D information of breast cancer. CBVCTBI will be developed and validated through computer simulation, phantom and specimen studies performed on a specially designed DBVCTBI prototype system that uses a flat panel detector (FPD) and cone beam tomographic acquisition geometry. This is an R21-R33 combined project. Specific aims of the R21project include: 1) Perform phantom studies to determine the required total exposure level (absorbed patient dose) for breast cancer imaging task, 2) Implement and optimize a fast cone beam reconstruction algorithm on a dual processor PC workstation, 3) Perform a comparison study of breast coverage near the chest wall between a conventional mammography system and a slightly modified standard stereotactic biopsy table (which will be used for the prototype CBVCTBI scanner) to provide evidence for appropriate coverage of the breast near the chest wall. 4) Obtain institutional review boar (IRB) approval to image breast specimens in the R33 project period. Specific aims for the R33 project period include: 1) Estimate glandular radiation dose for CBVCTBI technique, 2) Implement and optimize the cone beam reconstruction algorithms based on the different new volume scan schemes, 3) Develop the FPD-based prototype system, 4) Evaluate the prototype system, 5) Perform phantom and specimen studies to validate the CBVCTBI technique and optimize the system performance.