Phase Contrast Cone Beam CT Imaging

相衬锥形束 CT 成像

• 批准号: 8210882
• 负责人: RUOLA NING
• 金额: $ 40.6万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-04-08 至 2014-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8210882
• 关键词: Algorithms; Anatomy; Animals; Applications Grants; Biological Models; Biopsy; Breast; Cancer Burden; Cancer Diagnostics; Clinical Trials; Computer Simulation; Data; Diagnostic; Diagnostic Imaging; Disease; Dose; Electromagnetics; Goals; Grant; Guidelines; Hospitals; Hybrids; Image; Imagery; Imaging Device; Imaging Techniques; Imaging technology; Legal patent; Lesion; Licensing; Malignant Neoplasms; Mammary Gland Parenchyma; Mammary Neoplasms; Mammography; Medical Device; Medical center; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Morphologic artifacts; Mus; Noise; Output; Pathologic; Pathology; Patients; Performance; Phase; Pilot Projects; Procedures; Protocols documentation; Public Health; R44 grant; Reporting; Research; Resolution; Retinal Cone; Retrieval; Slice; Small Business Innovation Research Grant; Solutions; Source; Specimen; Spiculate; Spottings; Staging; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Three-Dimensional Image; Time; Tissues; Tube; United States Food and Drug Administration; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; X-Ray Computed Tomography; absorption; base; breast cancer diagnosis; breast lesion; breast scanner; cancer therapy; clinical application; clinical research site; cone-beam computed tomography; data acquisition; design; design and construction; detector; image processing; image reconstruction; imaging modality; improved; in vivo; interest; malignant breast neoplasm; novel; public health relevance; radiologist; reconstruction; research clinical testing; safety testing; synchrotron radiation; theories; treatment planning; treatment response; ultra high resolution; vibration

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this project is to develop a novel differential phase contrast cone beam computed tomography (DPC-CBCT) technique into a clinically useful diagnostic breast-imaging tool. Potentially, this novel imaging technique will provide true 3D images of breast anatomy in vivo with spatial resolution comparable to that of pathologic images while maintaining patient dose to that of diagnostic mammography. Absorption-based x-ray imaging techniques have shown their limitations in breast imaging because of low absorption contrast difference among breast tissues. One solution for this issue is the emerging phase- contrast technique that is expected to significantly enhance tissue contrast with high spatial and contrast resolution at comparable or even lower dose level than current x-ray imaging methods. Various phase-contrast techniques have been developed in the past decade, among which a recently reported grating-based method, called differential phase-contrast (DPC) technique, will be used for this project. The major advantage of DPC is that a hospital-grade x-ray tube can be used, while for other phase-contrast techniques synchrotron radiation or a micro-focus x-ray tube is required. These are not practical for widespread clinical applications because of either limited availability or extremely low output x-ray power. This project's goal is to incorporate a differential phase contrast (DPC)-based cone beam computed tomography (DPC-CBCT) imaging system into current cone-beam breast CT (CBBCT) scanner as a hybrid system, to perform volume-of-interest (VOI) imaging of any suspicious mass found by the CBBCT scanner for breast cancer diagnosis. It is anticipated that a spatial resolution of up to 25 lp/mm and a tissue contrast of over a thousand times larger than that of absorption-based images can be achieved in the tomographic reconstruction slices with the proposed DPC-CBCT, and thus it should be capable of revealing pathology-level details for more accurate characterization and diagnosis of breast cancers. When combined with the current CBBCT system, it is expected to reduce the breast biopsy rate and accurately detect breast cancer margins. The specific aims of this project include: 1) Perform computer simulation to optimize the parameters for the design and construction of the table-top DPC system, 2) Develop phase retrieval algorithms and reconstruction algorithms for VOI DPC-CBCT imaging, 3) Design and construct a table-top DPC-CBCT system, 4) Evaluate the table-top DPC-CBCT to use table-top experimental data as design inputs for the hybrid system, 5) Design and construct a hybrid breast CT (HBCT) system combining a current CBBCT scanner with a DPC- CBCT system, 6) Characterize the hybrid system with phantoms and specimens, 7)Perform small animal studies in vivo to validate HBCT, and 8) Perform a patient pilot study on the HBCT system. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The relevance of this research to public health is an expected increase in accuracy for detecting cancer at an earlier size and stage and to obtain a more accurate assessment of the disease extent to reduce cancer burden to the patient. In addition, with this improved accuracy in detecting actual cancers, the potential exists to reduce the number of biopsy procedures ordered; accurately detect breast cancer margin for better treatment plan; monitor cancer treatment response.

描述（由申请人提供）：本项目的目标是将新型微分相位衬度锥形束计算机断层扫描（DPC-CBCT）技术开发为临床有用的诊断乳腺成像工具。潜在地，这种新的成像技术将提供真实的三维图像的乳房解剖结构在体内与病理图像的空间分辨率相当，同时保持患者剂量的诊断乳腺X射线摄影。 基于吸收的X射线成像技术在乳腺成像中显示出其局限性，因为乳腺组织之间的低吸收对比度差异。针对该问题的一个解决方案是新兴的相衬技术，该相衬技术预期在与当前X射线成像方法相当或甚至更低的剂量水平下以高空间和对比度分辨率显著增强组织对比度。在过去的十年里，各种相衬技术已经发展起来，其中最近报道的基于光栅的方法，称为微分相衬（DPC）技术，将用于本项目。DPC的主要优点是可以使用医院级X射线管，而对于其他相衬技术，则需要同步辐射或微焦点X射线管。这些对于广泛的临床应用是不实际的，因为有限的可用性或极低的输出X射线功率。 本项目的目标是将基于微分相位衬度（DPC）的锥形束计算机断层扫描（DPC-CBCT）成像系统作为混合系统纳入当前的锥形束乳腺CT（CBBCT）扫描仪中，对CBBCT扫描仪发现的任何可疑肿块进行感兴趣体积（VOI）成像，以进行乳腺癌诊断。 预计使用所提出的DPC-CBCT在断层重建切片中可以实现高达25 lp/mm的空间分辨率和比基于吸收的图像大一千倍以上的组织对比度，因此它应该能够揭示病理水平的细节，以更准确地表征和诊断乳腺癌。当与目前的CBBCT系统结合使用时，有望降低乳腺活检率，准确检测乳腺癌切缘。 该项目的具体目标包括：1）执行计算机模拟以优化用于桌面DPC系统的设计和构造的参数，2）开发用于VOI DPC-CBCT成像的相位恢复算法和重建算法，3）设计和构造桌面DPC-CBCT系统，4）评估桌面DPC-CBCT以使用桌面实验数据作为混合系统的设计输入，5）设计并构建将当前CBBCT扫描仪与DPC-CBCT系统相结合的混合乳腺CT（HBCT）系统，6）用体模和样本表征混合系统，7）在体内进行小动物研究以验证HBCT，以及8）在HBCT系统上进行患者试点研究。 公共卫生相关性：这项研究与公共卫生的相关性是预期在早期大小和阶段检测癌症的准确性增加，并获得对疾病程度的更准确评估，以减少患者的癌症负担。此外，随着检测实际癌症的准确性提高，有可能减少活检程序的数量;准确检测乳腺癌边缘，以制定更好的治疗计划;监测癌症治疗反应。