Gender,Environment, and Adolescent Risk Behavior

性别、环境和青少年危险行为

• 批准号: 6945831
• 负责人: DEANNA L KERRIGAN
• 金额: $ 9.57万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-28 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6945831
• 关键词: Gender; Environment; Adolescent; Risk; Behavior

EXCEED THE SPACE PROVIDED. Adolescents and African-American adolescents in particularcontinueto be at heightened risk for HIV infection in the United States according to existing data. Recent HIV prevention literature clearly reflects a growing consensus that relying solely on individual cognitive paradigms of behavior change is insufficient to facilitate and sustain protective HIV/STl-related behavior including consistent condom use, especially among populations where environmental-structural constraints have been identified. Despite the recognized need for research and interventions that address environmental-structural factors, very little rigorous research exists on this subject. The following study seeks to contribute to filling this clearly identified gap in the literature. The study's specific aims are: (1) to assess the relationshipbetween adherence to gender roles and norms, relationship power and consistent condom use among adolescents; and (2) to determine the direct and indirect effects of the social organization of communities in which participating adolescents reside on consistent condom use and STI rates. In order to address these aims qualitative research methods will first be employed to develop culturally appropriate measures of adherence to gender roles, social capital, and collective efficacy. Subsequently, these constructs will be integrated into socio-behavioral surveys conducted every six months with a cohort of 810 adolescents attending STI and adolescent health clinics in Baltimore, MD. In addition to individual data, group-level reported and observational data will also be collected in the neighborhoods in which the participants reside including a street-based survey of community members and a neighborhood ecological assessment. Innovative analytical techniques such as structural equation modeling will be utilized in order to appropriately analyze the multi-level data collected. Throughout the process of measurement development, data collection, analysis, and interpretation, I will be guided' by a group of four mentors: Dr. Michael Sweat and Dr. Jonathan Ellen of the Johns Hopkins University; Dr. Geeta Rao Gupta of the International Center for Research on Women, and Dr. Ralph Taylor of Temple University. These mentors will work with me through a combination of directed readings, coursework, and supervised research opportunities over this course of the award and assist me to achieve my short and long-term goals. In the short-term, 1will further develop my theoretical understandingof the influence of gender and the social environment on health outcomes; sharpen my ability to develop reliable measures of complex constructs; and master new analytical techniques for multi-level data. Towards the end of the award, I will take my next step as an independent investigator and write my first R01 to test the efficacy of a community-basedintervention that addressees and harnesses environmental-structural constraints and facilitators of HIV/STI-related protective behavior among adolescents. Through this process I will work to fulfill my longer-term goal: to make significant contributions to the field of applied behavioral science in the area of HIV/STI prevention. PERFORMANCE SITE ========================================Section End===========================================

超出所提供的空间。 根据现有数据，美国青少年，特别是非洲裔美国青少年继续处于艾滋病毒感染的高风险之中。最近的艾滋病毒预防文献清楚地反映了一个日益增长的共识，即仅仅依靠行为改变的个人认知范式不足以促进和维持保护性的艾滋病毒/性病相关行为，包括持续使用避孕套，特别是在环境结构限制已被确定的人群中。尽管人们认识到需要针对环境结构因素进行研究和采取干预措施，但对这一问题的严格研究却很少。以下研究旨在填补文献中这一明确的空白。 该研究的具体目的是：（1）评估青少年对性别角色和规范的遵守、关系权力和坚持使用安全套之间的关系;（2）确定参与研究的青少年居住的社区的社会组织对坚持使用安全套和性传播感染率的直接和间接影响。为了实现这些目标，首先将采用定性研究方法来制定符合文化的性别角色、社会资本和集体效能的衡量标准。随后，这些结构将被整合到每六个月进行一次的社会行为调查与一个队列的810名青少年参加性病和青少年健康诊所在巴尔的摩，MD。除了个人数据外，还将在参与者居住的社区收集组级报告和观察数据，包括对社区成员的街道调查和社区生态评估。创新的分析技术，如结构方程模型将被用来适当地分析所收集的多层次数据。 在整个测量开发、数据收集、分析和解释的过程中，我将受到四位导师的指导：约翰霍普金斯大学的Michael Sweat博士和Jonathan Ellen博士;国际妇女研究中心的Geeta Rao Gupta博士和坦普尔大学的Ralph Taylor博士。这些导师将通过指导阅读，课程作业和监督研究机会的组合与我合作，并帮助我实现我的短期和长期目标。在短期内，1将进一步发展我对性别和社会环境对健康结果的影响的理论理解;提高我开发复杂结构的可靠措施的能力;并掌握多层次数据的新分析技术。在获奖结束时，我将作为一名独立调查员采取下一步行动，撰写我的第一份R 01，以测试基于社区的干预措施的有效性，该干预措施针对并利用了青少年中与艾滋病毒/性传播感染相关的保护行为的环境结构限制和促进因素。通过这个过程，我将努力实现我的长期目标：为艾滋病毒/性传播感染预防领域的应用行为科学领域做出重大贡献。性能现场=