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Self-regulatory Aspects of Positive Illusions

积极幻想的自我调节方面

基本信息

批准号：
6897169
负责人：
SHELLEY E TAYLOR
金额：
$ 20.59万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1998-03-01 至 2007-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed investigations address the question, "What is a mentally healthy person?" and contrast the predictions of two theoretical traditions: the positive illusions tradition, which proposes that mildly positive self-enhancing illusions foster mental health, social functioning, and protective biological responses to stress, versus the viewpoint that self-enhancement reflects an enduring personality profile marked by self-deceptive neuroticism, a negative impact on social relationships, and greater autonomic responses to stress. We hypothesize that the adaptiveness of self-enhancement depends on whether it is private or manifest in public accountable circumstances; on mode of self-enhancement (direct or indirect); and on sociocultural norms. The main study enrolls 160 participants, approximately half of whom are Asian-American and half of whom are of European-American origin and includes: assessments of mental and physical health; an interview about functioning in life domains related to mental health; and sympathetic (SNS), hypothalamic-pituitary adrenocortical (HPA) axis, and cytokine responses to a series of laboratory stress challenges. The data set also includes peer evaluations and evaluations by friends on each participant. A follow-up component on the main study will provide assessments of the longer-term impact of self-enhancement on psychological functioning, perceptions by others, and health. Questionnaires and protocol analyses of the interviews will enable tests of hypotheses concerning direct versus indirect self-enhancement and the interplay of coping with biological responses to stress. A second study manipulates direct and indirect self-affirmation and examines the impact on psychological and biological stress responses. Given the cultural diversity of the sample, the proposed analyses examine cultural differences in predictors and parameters of mental health and their relation to biological and health measures as well. The overall goal of the research is to provide an integrative understanding of how mental health, social relations, and biological responses to stress are interrelated and whether those interrelations extend across cultures.

描述(申请人提供)：建议的调查针对的问题是“什么是精神健康的人？”并对比两种理论传统的预测：积极错觉传统，该传统认为适度积极的自我增强错觉有助于心理健康、社会功能和对压力的保护性生物反应，而另一种观点认为，自我增强反映出一种持久的人格特征，其特征是自欺性神经质，对社会关系的负面影响，以及对压力的更大自主反应。我们假设，自我提升的适应性取决于它是私人的还是在公共问责环境中表现出来的；取决于自我提升的模式(直接或间接)；以及社会文化规范。主要研究招募了160名参与者，其中大约一半是亚裔美国人，一半是欧洲裔美国人，内容包括：心理和身体健康评估；与心理健康相关的生活领域功能的访谈；交感神经(SNS)、下丘脑-垂体肾上腺皮质(HPA)轴和细胞因子对一系列实验室压力挑战的反应。该数据集还包括同行评估和朋友对每个参与者的评估。主要研究的后续部分将评估自我提升对心理功能、他人感知和健康的长期影响。对访谈的问卷和协议分析将能够检验关于直接和间接自我提升的假设，以及应对压力的生物反应的相互作用。第二项研究操纵了直接和间接的自我肯定，并考察了对心理和生物压力反应的影响。鉴于样本的文化多样性，拟议的分析考察了心理健康的预测因素和参数的文化差异，以及它们与生物和健康措施的关系。这项研究的总体目标是提供对心理健康、社会关系和对压力的生物学反应如何相互关联的综合理解，以及这些相互关联是否跨越文化。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（13）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Facial expressions of emotion reveal neuroendocrine and cardiovascular stress responses.

情绪的面部表情揭示了神经内分泌和心血管应激反应。

DOI：
10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.08.011
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
Biological psychiatry
影响因子：
10.6
作者：
Lerner,JenniferS;Gonzalez,RoxanaM;Dahl,RonaldE;Hariri,AhmadR;Taylor,ShelleyE
通讯作者：
Taylor,ShelleyE

The neural bases of social pain: evidence for shared representations with physical pain.