Maritime smuggling networks through insular contexts: Geo-spatial hinterlands of Isle of Man and Channel Islands illicit trade, c. 1680-1832

在他对1600-1800年间殖民地间非法贸易的研究中，Wim Klooster（2009）警句式地观察到“走私需要两个人”。克劳斯特的陈述引发了一些问题：谁在走私？这种活动发生的地方；走私货物的分布范围有多广。我的项目将专注于特定的海洋、沿海和内陆地理，并开发一种创新的方法来回答这些问题。作为一种固有的时空现象，走私是一个很有前途的领域，可以通过识别货物被获取、运输或销售的发生率，以及对参与非法贸易的个人之间的联系进行网络分析，来应用地理信息系统来绘制走私网络的位置。本研究将参与历史的“空间转向”，利用GIS将底层活动带入近距离研究。据同时代人观察，在漫长的18世纪，走私货物在不列颠群岛非常普遍。因此，重新评价通过不列颠群岛沿海地区进行非法贸易的机制，并质疑来自岛屿节点的走私货物在国内市场的扩散范围有多广，是有明确理由的。

In his study of inter-colonial illicit trade from 1600-1800, Wim Klooster (2009) aphoristically observed 'it takes two to smuggle'. Klooster's statement precipitates questions: who was smuggling; where this activity was taking place; and how extensive was the distribution of smuggled goods. My project will concentrate on a specific maritime, littoral and hinterland geography and develop an innovative methodology to answer these questions. As an inherently spatial-temporal phenomena smuggling is a promising area for applying GIS to map the locations of smuggling networks through identifying incidences of goods being acquired, shipped, or sold as well as network analysis of the connectivity between individuals involved in illicit trade. This study will participate in history's 'spatialturn', using GIS to bring subaltern activity into close study. Smuggled goods were observed by contemporaries to be extraordinarily prevalent in the British Isles throughout the long eighteenth century. There is, therefore, a clear rationale in re-evaluating the mechanism of illicit trade through the British Isles littoral and questioning how extensive the diffusion of smuggled goods from insular-located nodes were in domestic markets.