Training in Emerging Infectious Diseases

描述（由申请人提供）：为了应对对新出现和重新出现的传染病的日益关注，特别是可用作生物恐怖主义武器的A-C类制剂，宾夕法尼亚大学的微生物学社区提议建立一个新出现的传染病培训计划。培训计划最初将支持两名博士。两个MD/博士或V.M.D./博士这些研究人员包括博士前研究员和三名博士后研究员，使他们能够在主要研究人员指导的14个实验室中的任何一个工作，这些实验室研究被归类为对人类健康的新出现或重新出现的威胁的重要病毒或寄生虫病原体。与T32提案相关的培训师之所以被选中，是因为他们在这些领域的研究计划已经建立，并得到了NIH赠款和/或发表了关于这一主题的论文。培训员研究一些重要的病毒和寄生虫病原体。该基金的六名培训师正在研究天花蛋白或开发抗牛痘剂，目前持有一项R 01，两项R21和一项U 01赠款，以支持这一领域的工作（Isaacs，Rosengard，Cohen，Eisenberg，Friedman，Ricciardi）。该基金的四名培训师研究埃博拉病毒，持有一项R 01和两项R21赠款，并在过去两年中发表了多篇论文（贝茨，DoTs，沈，哈蒂）。与USAMRIID同事的合作使用活埃博拉病毒进行实验成为可能。其他重要的新出现的病毒性疾病是培训人员重要研究工作的主题，包括西尼罗河病毒和登革热（DoTs，Bates）。新出现和重新出现的寄生虫病是培训人员研究工作的重点，其中包括疟疾，这是鲁什实验室的一个主要重点，该实验室在管理疟原虫基因组项目方面发挥着重要作用。在巴基斯坦和其他地区的阿富汗难民营爆发的利什曼病（斯科特）表明，由于战争、人口转移和向人口稀少地区的发展，旧感染的发病率增加。由于气候变化和大规模的水资源开发项目，在以前未受影响的地区出现了值得注意的血吸虫病新爆发（皮尔斯，沈）。也有报告称弓形虫感染增加（鲁什，Hunter）。随着时间的推移，我们预计其他宾夕法尼亚大学的研究人员将加入这个培训计划，因为他们将研究重点转移到包括新兴传染病。培训人员提供的研究机会，加上强有力的机构承诺和广泛和组织良好的培训计划，将为学生和博士后研究员提供新出现的传染病方面的优秀培训。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In response to increased concern about emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, particularly Class A-C agents that could be used as weapons of bioterrorism, the microbiology community at the University of Pennsylvania proposes to establish a Training Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases. The Training Program would initially support two Ph.D. and two M.D./Ph.D. or V.M.D./Ph.D. predoctoral fellows as well as three postdoctoral fellows, enabling them to work in any one of 14 laboratories directed by Principal Investigators who study important viral or parasitic pathogens that are classified as either emerging or re-emerging threats to human health. The trainers associated with this T32 proposal have been selected because their research programs in these areas are well-established and are being supported by NIH grants and/or have published papers on this topic. The trainers study a number of important viral and parasitic pathogens. Six of the trainers on this grant study smallpox proteins or are developing anti-vaccinia agents, and currently hold one R01, two R21s and one U01 grants to support work in this area (Isaacs, Rosengard, Cohen, Eisenberg, Friedman, Ricciardi). Four trainers on this grant study Ebola virus, holding one R01 and two R21 grants and having published several papers in the last two years (Bates, DoTs, Shen, Harty). Collaborations with colleagues at USAMRIID make it possible to perform experiments with live Ebola virus. Other important emerging viral diseases that are subjects of significant research efforts by the trainers include West Nile virus and Dengue (DoTs, Bates). Emerging and re-emerging parasitic diseases are the focus of research efforts by the trainers and include Malaria, a major focus of the Roos laboratory which plays a major role in managing the Plasmodium genome project. Outbreaks of leishmaniasis (Scott) in Afghan refugee camps in Pakistan and other regions, have demonstrated increased incidence of old infections from a confluence of wars, population shifts, and development into little populated regions. Due to climactic changes and large-scale water resources development projects, there have been notable new outbreaks of schistosomiasis in previously unaffected areas (Pearce, Shen). Increased infections due to toxoplasma gondii have also been reported (Roos, Hunter). With time, we anticipate that other Penn investigators will join this training program as they shift their research focus to include emerging infectious diseases. The research opportunities provided by the trainers coupled with strong institutional commitment and an extensive and well-organized training program will provide excellent training in emerging infectious diseases to students and postdoctoral fellows.