Social Context of Substance Abuse/A Multi-Level Approach

药物滥用的社会背景/多层次方法

• 批准号: 6864429
• 负责人: CONSTANCE A FLANAGAN
• 金额: $ 19.87万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-04-01 至 2007-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6864429
• 关键词: American; European; adolescence (12-20); adult human (21+); age difference; alcoholism /alcohol abuse prevention; attitude; behavioral /social science research tag; decision making; disease /disorder proneness /risk; family structure /dynamics; health behavior; high risk behavior /lifestyle; interpersonal relations; locus of control; longitudinal human study; peer group; perception; public health; questionnaires; racial /ethnic difference; schools; social group process; substance abuse related disorder; tobacco abuse prevention

DESCRIPTION: Responsible decision-making is a cornerstone of drug abuse prevention programs but most attention has been focused on responsibility for one's own behavior. The proposed project conceives of health as a public issue for which there is a shared responsibility. The overall goals are a) to understand the phenomena of peer monitoring and intervention and b) identify those factors that predispose young people to develop a sense of shared responsibility, appreciate the public dimensions of risk behaviors, and dissuade peers from engaging in behaviors that compromise health such as smoking or alcohol abuse. To do this we propose a comparative, longitudinal, developmental study in two contrasting national contexts (the United States and Hungary). We will collect cross-sectional data from approximately 6,000 5th -12th graders and their teachers during the first year of the study. In addition, we propose a (3-year) panel study of approximately 2,000 early, middle, and late adolescents, their parents, and teachers as the adolescents make transitions to new school settings. The proposed study is designed to: (1) test the effects of family practices and classroom climates on the development of young people's attitudes toward social responsibility and their conception of health risks; (2) test whether higher levels of social responsibility and awareness of the public dimensions of risk increase the likelihood of intervening with peers; (3) test whether hypothesized developmental patterns exist in young people's commitment to the individual's right to make health risk decisions and their willingness to intervene with friends; and (4) to test whether differences in social environments are enough to explain differences in the willingness to intervene in friends behavior in two different cultures. The study will be conducted in 40 schools across Pennsylvania and 30 in the Republic of Hungary. Student and teacher surveys will be conducted in schools, while parents will be asked to respond by mail. The study will consist of a complex design that includes cross-sectional, longitudinal and comparative cross-national analyses using a number of analytic techniques including Hierarchical Linear Modeling to assess the effects of school climates on individual behavior and Structural Equation Modeling to test longitudinal hypotheses. Planned Missing Data design will be used to reduce the effects of study attrition.

描述：负责任的决策是药物滥用的基石 预防计划，但大多数注意力集中在责任上 自己的行为。拟议的项目将健康视为一个公共问题 为此我们负有共同的责任。总体目标是 a) 了解同行监督和干预的现象，并且 b) 识别 那些促使年轻人形成共享意识的因素 责任，了解风险行为的公共层面，以及 劝阻同事不要从事危害健康的行为，例如 吸烟或酗酒。为此，我们提出了一个比较的、纵向的、 两个截然不同的国家背景（美国和 匈牙利）。我们将收集大约 6,000 个 5th 的横截面数据 -第一年学习期间的 12 年级学生及其老师。在 此外，我们建议对大约 2,000 名早期参与者进行（3 年）小组研究， 青少年中晚期及其父母和老师 过渡到新的学校环境。拟议研究的目的是：（1） 测试家庭实践和课堂气氛对发展的影响 青少年社会责任态度与观念 健康风险； (2) 测试是否有更高水平的社会责任和 公众对风险维度的认识会增加发生风险的可能性 与同伴进行干预； (3) 检验是否假设的发展模式 存在于年轻人对个人健康权的承诺中 风险决策以及他们与朋友进行干预的意愿； (4) 测试 社会环境的差异是否足以解释 愿意干预两种不同文化中朋友的行为。这 研究将在宾夕法尼亚州 40 所学校和宾夕法尼亚州 30 所学校进行 匈牙利共和国。将在学校进行学生和教师调查， 同时将要求家长通过邮件回复。该研究将包括 复杂的设计，包括横截面、纵向和比较 使用多种分析技术进行跨国分析，包括 分层线性模型评估学校氛围对学生的影响 个体行为和结构方程模型来测试纵向 假设。计划的缺失数据设计将用于减少 研究损耗。