Placing women's food work in a global pandemic: a critical comparative case study of Bristol and Stockholm

该博士研究生计划分析2019冠状病毒病对英国布里斯托尔和瑞典斯德哥尔摩等城市女性物质生活的影响，并设想未来的食物环境。初步研究表明，特别是在英国，城市食物景观，即。我们在城市景观中出入、制作和讨论食物的场所和空间已经并将继续受到疫情的重大影响。由于在家获取食物越来越复杂，在封锁期间准备食物的负担越来越大，以及由于严重依赖女性劳动力的食品服务就业岗位的减少而造成的收入损失，妇女作为无报酬的家庭食品护理人员和志愿者、食品银行的“社区食品护理人员”，以及正规经济中的有报酬的食品工作者，受到疫情的影响尤为严重。然而，处于更边缘地位的女性——例如：有色人种妇女、低收入妇女、单亲妇女、移民妇女、寻求庇护妇女——受到疫情的不利影响最大，因为妇女在疫情前面临的既有社会不平等现象加剧了。迄今为止，没有任何研究试图了解Covid过去和现在对无偿和有偿妇女的食品工作、她们的生活和生活机会（以及她们的子女和更广泛的家庭）以及她们所处的更广泛的正式和非正式城市食品环境的不平等影响。此外，迄今为止还没有研究试图捕捉女性对疫情后更“有弹性”和/或“公正”的食物景观的“地理想象”，以及这些愿景如何为政府的粮食政策和社区粮食供应提供信息。利用女权主义地理学、女权主义政治经济学和批判性食品地理学，本拟议的研究将通过对布里斯托尔和斯德哥尔摩两个城市的批判性比较分析，研究i) Covid如何影响和重塑布里斯托尔和斯德哥尔摩有薪和无薪女性食品工人的食物环境；（二）阶级、种族、性别和移民身份等交叉维度如何影响妇女对这些影响的体验和新冠疫情改变的食物环境；三)在这两种情况下，女性如何想象更具弹性的食物环境，以及这些重新想象如何赋予女性在城市食物政策及其社区方面的权力。数据将通过以下方式收集：i)对英国和瑞典应对Covid的食品、卫生、商业和灾难政策文件进行女权主义批判框架分析（CFA）；ii)通过在斯德哥尔摩和布里斯托尔的社会食品倡议和妇女社区支持团体的志愿工作进行参与性观察；（三）对妇女粮食工作者和这些倡议和团体的粮食（再）分配网络中的行动者进行定性访谈和焦点小组讨论；iv)参与性讲习班，旨在共同生产妇女对更有弹性和更公正的城市粮食景观的愿景知识，并为城市粮食政策提供信息。这项研究提出的影响是四倍的。首先，该研究将通过产生博士学位、学术和参与性产出以及面向公众的报告和政策文件，促进对受Covid影响的妇女无偿和有偿食品工作的地理变化和女权主义理解。其次，考虑到研究中采用的女权主义和参与性方法，本研究旨在支持在持续的Covid危机期间，为参与研究的女性参与者以及粮食和贫困社区团体提供以行动为导向的赋权。第三，通过制作面向公众的产出、与政策相关的报告以及与地方和区域决策者的潜在合作，本研究希望有助于未来制定更具弹性和公正的粮食环境。第四，这项资助的研究项目将使我能够实现成为女权主义食品地理学领域的学术地理学家的目标，并使我能够支持受Covid影响的英国和瑞典部分地区最脆弱妇女的食品工作。

This proposed PhD studentship analyses the impacts of Covid-19 on women's material and imagined future foodscapes in the cities of Bristol, UK and Stockholm, Sweden. Preliminary research suggests that, in the UK specifically, urban foodscapes-i.e. the places and spaces we access, make and discuss food in the urban landscape-have been and continue to be significantly impacted by the pandemic. Women, as unpaid, domestic food carers and volunteer, 'community food carers' at foodbanks-as well as paid food workers in the formal economy-have been disproportionally affected by the pandemic given the increasing complexities of accessing food at home, the expanding burden of food preparation during lockdown and the loss of income from the loss of food service employment that relies heavily on female labour. Yet, women of more marginal standing-e.g. women of colour, low-income, single parents, migrant status, asylum seekers-have been most detrimentally impacted by the pandemic through an exacerbation of pre-existing, intersectional social inequalities that women faced pre-Covid. No research to date has looked to understand the unequal past and ongoing impacts of Covid on unpaid and paid women's food work, their lives and life chances-and relatedly those of their children and wider families-and the wider formal and informal urban foodscapes they are embedded in. Moreover, no research to date has attempted to capture women's 'geographical imaginaries' of what a more 'resilient' and/or 'just' foodscape might look like post-Covid and how these visions might inform government food policy and community food provision. Drawing on feminist geography, feminist political economy and critical food geography, this proposed research will examine i) how Covid impacted and reshaped the foodscapes for paid and non-paid women food workers in Bristol and Stockholm through a critical comparative analysis of the two cities; ii) how women's experiences of these impacts and Covid-changed foodscapes were shaped by intersectional dimensions such class, race, gender and migrant status; and iii) what women in these two contexts imagine as more resilient foodscape and how these re-imaginings might empower women with respect to urban food policy and their communities. Data will be collected though i) a feminist critical frame analysis (CFA) of British and Swedish food, health, business and disaster policy documents in response to Covid; ii) participant observation through volunteer work in social food initiatives and women's community support groups in Stockholm and Bristol; iii) qualitative interviews and focus groups with woman food workers and actors within food (re)distribution networks in these initiatives and groups; and iv) participatory workshops designed to co-produce knowledge of women's visions for more resilient and just urban foodscapes as well as inform urban food policy.The proposed impacts of this research are four-fold. First, the research will contribute to geographically-inflected, feminist understandings of women's unpaid and paid food work as impacted by Covid through the production of a PhD, scholarly and participatory outputs and public-facing reports and policy documents. Second, given the lens of feminist and participatory approaches deployed in the study, this research looks to support the action-oriented empowerment of the women participants and food and poverty community groups involved in the study during the ongoing Covid crisis. Third, through the production of public-facing outputs, policy-related reports and potential engagements with local and regional policy makers, this research looks to contribute to the future formulation of more resilient and just foodscapes. Fourth, this funded research project will allow me to pursue my goal of becoming an academic geographer in the field of feminist food geographies and allow me to support the food-work of the most vulnerable women in parts of the UK and Sweden affected by Covid.