Instrumentation / Bioengineering Development /Applicatio

在许多情况下，开发经常使用新方法的独特器械是生物医学研究成功的必要属性。重点领域概述如下。 可检测多种小动物癫痫发作的数字视频脑电成像系统：该系统是与NINDS的Michael Rogawski博士合作开发的，它将通过监测小动物的脑电并通过视频记录它们的伴随行为来检测和记录小动物的癫痫发作。该仪器包括动物笼子、连接到每只动物头部的旋转连接器、EEG模拟放大器、带有电影制作器和图形硬件的计算机控制，以及对尖峰和癫痫模式的软件检测。它目前正在组装中，将以可视方式显示和记录EEG数据以及多个小动物的视频。 微粒体P450闪光光解的电子仪器：与NCI的弗雷德·弗里德曼博士合作，开发了一台激光闪光光解装置，用于测量经不同药物和致癌物处理的大鼠肝微粒体中一氧化碳(CO)与细胞色素P450结合的动力学。由于多种形式的P450对整个反应有贡献，因此使用差异动力学方法来区分单个P450的动力学行为。这种方法需要分析在没有和存在特定P450效应器的情况下的动力学曲线的差异，并成功地获得参与药物和致癌物代谢的单个P450的动力学参数。具体地说，各种多环烃以不同的方式加速CO与P450 1A1的结合，P450 1A1以一种大小和形状依赖的方式代谢这些致癌物。目前的采集和前面板控制软件是一个特定于应用的程序，不能灵活地供调查人员使用。拟议的采集、控制、分析和处理方面的更改将使用编程语言Visual Basic和应用程序组件工作来完成。此外，分析可以包括使用数学处理软件的半自动技术。 临床步态分析光学运动捕获系统的改进：该系统由临床中心康复医学部用于临床步态分析的视频、成像和电子仪器组成。其中包括一个运动捕获系统，它可以将视频数据与测量地面反作用力以进行动力学分析的测力板同步，还包括用于肌肉活动的肌电系统，以及用于收集运动跟踪数据的灵活建模软件。目前，电子地面系统正在与CC史蒂文·斯坦霍普博士合作进行重新配置，以降低系统噪音。 对定制轮椅设计的一项研究进行了评估，其中形状可以在不更换整个系统的情况下进行修改。轮椅将提供安全、支持和舒适的座椅，并将可靠地调整，以适应一个人的长度或周长的增长或一个人的座椅需求的变化。该系统是为依赖轮椅、骨骼结构异常(如脊柱侧弯)、肌肉无力(肌肉营养不良)或神经控制异常(多发性硬化症或脑瘫)的人设计的。

Development of unique instrumentation often using novel approaches is, in many instances, a necessary attribute to the success of biomedical research. Areas of emphasis are summarized below. Digital Video EEG Imaging System with Seizure Detection for Multiple Small Animals: The system, being developed in collaboration with Dr. Michael Rogawski, NINDS, will detect and record seizures of small animals by monitoring their EEG together with documenting their accompanying behavior via video recording. The instrumentation consists of animal cages, swivel connectors connected to the head of each animal, EEG analog amplifiers, computer control with movie maker and graphics hardware, and software detection of spikes and seizure patterns. It is presently being assembled and will visually display and record EEG data along with video of multiple small animals. Electronic Instrumentation for flash photolysis of Microsomal P450: In collaboration with Dr. Fred Friedman, NCI, a laser flash photolysis apparatus was developed to measure the kinetics of carbon monoxide (CO) binding to cytochromes P450 in liver microsomes from rats treated with various drugs and carcinogens. Since numerous forms of P450 contribute to the overall reaction, a difference kinetic method was used to distinguish the kinetic behavior of individual P450s. This method entails analysis of the difference between the kinetic profiles in the absence and presence of a specific P450 effector, and successfully yielded kinetic parameters for individual P450s involved in drug and carcinogen metabolism. Specifically, various polycyclic hydrocarbons differentially accelerated CO binding to the P450 1A1 which metabolizes these carcinogens in a size and shape dependent manner. The present acquisition and front panel control software is an application specific program which has no flexibility for investigator use. The proposed change in the acquisition, control, analysis and processing will be accomplished using the programming language Visual Basic together with the application program Component Works. In addition, analysis may include a semi automatic technique using mathematical processing software. Modifications to Optical Motion Capture System for Clinical Gait Analysis: The system consists of video, imaging and electronic instrumentation for clinical gait analysis in the Rehabilitation Medicine Department of the Clinical Center. Included are a motion capture system, which synchronizes video data with force plates that measure ground reaction forces for kinetic analysis, EMG systems for muscle activity, and flexible modeling software to collect motion-tracking data. At present, the electronic ground system is being reconfigured in collaboration with Dr. Steven Stanhope, CC, in order to lower system noise. A study of custom wheelchair design, where the shape can be modified without replacing the entire system, was evaluated. The wheelchair will provide safe, supportive, comfortable seating and will reliably adjust for a person's growth in length or girth or for changes in a person's seating needs. The system is designed for a person that is wheelchair-dependent and who has abnormal bone structures (e.g. scoliosis), weak muscles (muscular dystrophy) or abnormal neurological control (multiple sclerosis or cerebral palsy).