Effects of Drug Use on Prefrontal Cortex Function in HIV+ Women

吸毒对艾滋病毒女性前额皮质功能的影响

• 批准号: 7843764
• 负责人: Vanessa Meyer
• 金额: $ 3.41万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-02-03 至 2013-02-02
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7843764
• 关键词: Addictive Behavior; Area; Behavioral; Cocaine Users; Cognition; Crack Cocaine; Data; Drug usage; Episodic memory; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Goals; HIV; HIV-2; Illicit Drugs; Impulsivity; Measures; Memory; Mentors; Motivation; Performance; Prefrontal Cortex; Prospective Studies; Publications; Recording of previous events; Research Personnel; Research Training; Risk; Semantics; Solid; Statistical Methods; Substance abuse problem; System; Testing; Training Programs; Woman; behavior measurement; career; cocaine use; cognitive function; executive function; neuroimaging; non-drug; novel; pre-doctoral; relating to nervous system

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application proposes a predoctoral training program aimed at investigating the effects of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and recent illicit drug use on cognitive function in women. The training program involves mentored, didactic, and experiential research training in three primary areas: 1) substance abuse; 2) HIV; 3) neuroimaging; and 4) statistical methods. The training program is an important step in achieving the applicant's career goal of becoming an independent investigator focusing on cognition and addictive behaviors in women. Within this broader goal, the general aim of the proposed research training program is to better understand the interactive effects of HIV and recent crack cocaine use on cognitive function. This training program would draw on data collected in the Women's Interagency HIV Study, a prospective study of the natural and treated history of HIV. The first project is a behavioral study examining the interactive effects of HIV and crack cocaine use on measures of executive strategies (i.e. semantic clustering) on tests of episodic memory. It is predicted that crack cocaine users will show decreased strategic executive function compared to non-drug abusing women and these effects will be more pronounced among HIV + women. The second project is a neuroimaging study examining the interactive effects of HIV and crack cocaine use on delayed episodic memory and memory systems in women. The motivation for examining these topics comes from: a) pilot data suggesting that recent crack cocaine use negatively impacts memory in HIV+ but not HIV- women; and b) recent publications in WIHS showing that HIV serostatus impacts delayed episodic memory and memory systems subserving delayed episodic memory. From this, it is predicted that recent illicit drug use will be associated with impaired delayed episodic memory, impaired executive strategies on episodic memory tasks, and altered prefrontal cortex activation during performance of a delayed episodic memory task. Critically, it is predicted that these effects will be more pronounced in HIV+ women versus at-risk, HIV-women. This training program would add to the understanding of cognition and addictive behaviors in women with HIV and would serve as a solid foundation for a future independent academic career.

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请提出了一项博士前培训计划，旨在研究人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）和近期非法药物使用对女性认知功能的影响。培训计划包括三个主要领域的指导、说教和体验式研究培训：1）药物滥用； 2）艾滋病毒； 3）神经影像学； 4）统计方法。该培训计划是实现申请人成为一名专注于女性认知和成瘾行为的独立调查员的职业目标的重要一步。在这个更广泛的目标中，拟议的研究培训计划的总体目标是更好地了解艾滋病毒和最近使用强效可卡因对认知功能的相互作用。该培训计划将利用妇女机构间艾滋病毒研究中收集的数据，该研究是一项针对艾滋病毒自然史和治疗史的前瞻性研究。第一个项目是一项行为研究，研究艾滋病毒和强效可卡因使用对情景记忆测试执行策略（即语义聚类）测量的交互影响。据预测，与非吸毒女性相比，强效可卡因使用者的战略执行功能会下降，并且这些影响在艾滋病毒阳性女性中更为明显。第二个项目是一项神经影像学研究，研究艾滋病毒和强效可卡因的使用对女性情景记忆延迟和记忆系统的相互作用。研究这些主题的动机来自于： a) 试点数据表明，最近吸食强效可卡因会对 HIV+ 女性的记忆力产生负面影响，但不会影响 HIV-女性的记忆力； b) WIHS 最近发表的文章表明，HIV 血清状态会影响延迟情景记忆和促进延迟情景记忆的记忆系统。据此，可以预测，最近的非法药物使用将与延迟情景记忆受损、情景记忆任务的执行策略受损以及延迟情景记忆任务执行过程中前额叶皮层激活的改变有关。重要的是，据预测，与高危艾滋病毒女性相比，这些影响在艾滋病毒阳性女性中更为明显。该培训计划将加深对女性艾滋病毒感染者的认知和成瘾行为的理解，并为未来的独立学术生涯奠定坚实的基础。