The Epidemiology of Autism in a Low Birthweight Cohort

低出生体重人群中自闭症的流行病学

• 批准号: 7037313
• 负责人: JENNIFER A PINTO-MARTIN
• 金额: $ 37.17万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-03-01 至 2008-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7037313
• 关键词: Asperger syndrome; autism; behavioral /social science research tag; brain injury; child mental disorders; clinical research; cognition; communication; communication disorders; disease /disorder proneness /risk; epidemiology; family genetics; human subject; longitudinal human study; low birth weight infant human; mental health epidemiology; patient oriented research; pregnancy infection; psychological adaptation; psychomotor function; psychopathology; questionnaires; social behavior; social behavior disorders; social psychology; ultrasonography; white matter

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goals of this study are to better characterize Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and social communication problems in low birthweight (LBW) survivors and to better understand the relation between pre, peri and neonatal complications, including brain injury to ASD and social and communication problems in this population. The study sample will be drawn from the Neonatal Brain Hemorrhage Study (NBHS) cohort, the largest regional LBW cohort screened with serial cranial ultrasound (US) ever to be assembled. The cohort was re-assessed at age 15-16 and parent report on screens for ASD (Social Communication Questionnaire and the Asperger Syndrome Screening Questionnaire) was obtained. We propose to rigorously evaluate for diagnosis all participants who screened positive for ASD and a sample of those who screened negative. The specific aims pursuant to this goal are: (1) to estimate, for this LBW population, the current prevalence of ASD and to compare this prevalence to those reported in general populations studies; (2) to systematically describe and compare, based on ASD screening status, the phenomenology and developmental history of those positive for an ASD diagnosis (ASD True Positives), those positive on the ASD screen but not diagnostically positive for ASD (ASD False Positives) and those who were negative on the ASD screen as adolescents and negative for ASD upon diagnostic evaluation as well (Controls). The domains described and compared will include both the core domains affected in ASD (social interaction, communication and interests) and associated features (cognition, motor function, adaptive behavior, minor physical anomalies) (3) to examine predictors of ASD true positives and separately, predictors of ASD false positives using the extensive set of specific pre-, peri- and neonatal complications available from the original NBHS study; including indices of maternal infection and cranial US evidence of white matter injury (4) to examine the relation of family loading for psychiatric disorder to ASD true positive status and ASD false positives status, (5) to estimate, for this LBW population, the screening properties of the SCQ and the ASSQ for ASD true positives, ASD false positives and controls. This application has the potential to yield important information about ASD and social and communication problems in LBW survivors. In addition to describing the prevalence and presentation of ASD in LBW survivors, it will elucidate etiologic mechanisms that may inform prevention and treatment of ASD and social and communication problems in the general population.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究的目的是更好地描述低出生体重（LBW）幸存者的自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）和社交沟通问题，并更好地了解产前、围产期和新生儿并发症之间的关系，包括 ASD 造成的脑损伤以及该人群的社交和沟通问题。研究样本将从新生儿脑出血研究 (NBHS) 队列中抽取，这是迄今为止通过系列颅脑超声 (US) 筛查的最大的区域 LBW 队列。该队列在 15-16 岁期间进行了重新评估，并获得了家长关于 ASD（社交沟通问卷和阿斯伯格综合症筛查问卷）筛查的报告。我们建议对所有自闭症谱系筛查呈阳性的参与者和筛查呈阴性的参与者样本进行严格评估以进行诊断。根据这一目标的具体目的是： (1) 估计低出生体重人群当前 ASD 的患病率，并将该患病率与一般人群研究中报告的患病率进行比较； (2) 根据 ASD 筛查状态，系统地描述和比较 ASD 诊断阳性者（ASD 真阳性）、ASD 筛查阳性但 ASD 诊断不阳性者（ASD 假阳性）以及青少年 ASD 筛查阴性且诊断评估后 ASD 阴性者（对照）的现象学和发育史。描述和比较的领域将包括 ASD 影响的核心领域（社交互动、沟通和兴趣）和相关特征（认知、运动功能、适应性行为、轻微身体异常）（3），使用原始 NBHS 研究中提供的广泛的特定产前、围产期和新生儿并发症，分别检查 ASD 真阳性的预测因子和 ASD 假阳性的预测因子；包括孕产妇感染指数和美国颅脑白质损伤证据 (4) 检查精神疾病家庭负担与 ASD 真阳性状态和 ASD 假阳性状态的关系，(5) 估计该 LBW 人群的 SCQ 和 ASSQ 对 ASD 真阳性、ASD 假阳性和对照的筛查特性。该应用程序有可能产生有关自闭症谱系障碍以及低出生体重幸存者的社交和沟通问题的重要信息。除了描述 LBW 幸存者中 ASD 的患病率和表现外，还将阐明病因机制，为 ASD 的预防和治疗以及一般人群的社会和沟通问题提供信息。