Linguistic and NonLinguistic Functions of Frontal Cortex

额叶皮层的语言和非语言功能

• 批准号: 7849895
• 负责人: SHARON L THOMPSONSCHILL
• 金额: $ 27.85万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-17 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7849895
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Affect; Area; Brain region; Broca' s area; Cognitive; Complement component C1s; Comprehension; Conflict (Psychology); Dependence; Development; Disease; Face; Faculty; Familiarity; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Grant; Human; Impairment; Inferior frontal gyrus; Investigation; Language; Language Disorders; Lead; Left; Lesion; Linguistics; Link; Literature; Memory impairment; Mental disorders; Methods; Nature; Operative Surgical Procedures; Paint; Physiological; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Progress Reports; Research; Research Personnel; Research Support; Resolution; Rest; Retrieval; Role; Semantics; Short-Term Memory; Specificity; Structure; Testing; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; base; brain behavior; cognitive control; frontal lobe; information processing; interdisciplinary approach; language processing; meetings; millimeter; neurophysiology; neuropsychological; phonology; programs; relating to nervous system; syntax; theories; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): What is the relationship between the human faculty for language and the many other, nonlinguistic cognitive abilities we possess? For the past decade, our research team has explored this important question by focusing on a place (quite literally) where linguistic and nonlinguistic processes seem to "meet": Broca's area. Long described of as the seat of some linguistic specialization, Broca's area may have more in common with the rest of prefrontal cortex than is typically thought. Motivated by an extensive literature on the regulatory functions of prefrontal cortex, we have developed a framework for considering the role of Broca's area - a part of prefrontal cortex - in language processing. We argue that Broca's area functions to bias competitive interactions among representations of many types (including semantic, phonological, and syntactic). As such, the relationship between Broca's area and linguistic function cannot be captured by studying a single domain (such as syntax) but rather requires the broad, interdisciplinary approach represented in our research program and exemplified by the divergent expertise of our research team. In the coming years of this research program, we hope to continue our multi-method investigations of linguistic and nonlinguistic functions of prefrontal cortex. The major aims of the research plans outlined in the current proposal are as follows: (1) to continue our investigations of the role of LIFG in language processing; (2) to better characterize the role of LIFG in working memory; (3) to evaluate the relation between working memory, language, and cognitive control and the nature of their dependence on LIFG; and, (4) to develop new tools for inferring causal structure-function relations. This research program has relevance to disorders of mental health (specifically, attentional disorders) and to disorders of language, by virtue of the fact that it highlights the important links between these two seemingly disparate functions.

描述（由申请人提供）：人类的语言教师与我们拥有的许多其他非语言认知能力之间有什么关系？在过去的十年中，我们的研究团队通过关注（从字面上看）语言和非语言过程似乎“满足”的地方（从字面上看）：Broca的地区来探讨了这个重要问题。长期以来，Broca的区域与某些语言专业化的所在地相比，Broca的区域可能与其他通常认为的更为共同。我们的动机是关于前额叶皮层的监管功能的广泛文献，我们开发了一个框架，以考虑Broca地区在语言处理中的作用 - 前额叶皮层的一部分。我们认为，Broca的区域功能与许多类型的表示（包括语义，语音和句法）之间的竞争相互作用偏向竞争。因此，无法通过研究单个领域（例如语法）来捕获Broca领域与语言功能之间的关系，而是需要我们的研究计划中代表的广泛的，跨学科的方法，并以我们的研究团队的不同专业知识为例。在该研究计划的未来几年中，我们希望继续对前额叶皮层的语言和非语言功能进行多方法研究。当前提案中概述的研究计划的主要目的如下：（1）继续我们对LIFG在语言处理中的作用进行调查； （2）更好地表征LIFG在工作记忆中的作用； （3）评估工作记忆，语言和认知控制和依赖LIFG的性质之间的关系； （4）开发用于推断因果结构功能关系的新工具。该研究计划与心理健康障碍（特别是注意力障碍）和语言障碍有关，这是因为它突出了这两个看似截然不同的功能之间的重要联系。