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DERMAL ABSORPTION OF CHEMICALS FROM LIQUID MIXTURES

皮肤从液体混合物中吸收化学物质

基本信息

批准号：
7071783
负责人：
ANNETTE L BUNGE
金额：
$ 24.48万
依托单位：
COLORADO SCHOOL OF MINES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2004-09-01 至 2009-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7071783
关键词：
chemicals electrochemistry fluid hazardous substances hydrogen bond mathematical model occupational hazard occupational health /safety primary care physician skin absorption solute solvents spectrometry statistics /biometry water work site

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION: The workplace is one of the most common venues for hazardous chemical contact with skin. Recognition of the dermal exposure hazard is essential for its control. Unfortunately, the present identification of chemicals as skin absorption hazards is inconsistent, poorly documented, and qualitative. As a result, those charged with protecting human health and safety in the workplace are forced to make judgments about safe or dangerous levels, and the type of personal protection required, with little or no information. The ultimate goal of this research effort is to provide occupational safety and health practitioners with improved guidance regarding potentially dangerous levels of occupational dermal exposure. While most occupational exposures of skin involve mixtures of chemicals, the interactions between multiple components and skin remain unknown. The proposed research is directed toward identifying and understanding the effect of exposures to chemical mixtures and especially non-aqueous solutions. Understanding that experimental evaluations will be limited to a small fraction of all mixtures encountered occupationally, we propose to develop a fundamental understanding of the underlying mechanisms by combining data with mathematical models. Specifically, we will (i) examine experimentally the extent to which several test solutes in water and in four non-aqueous solutions (toluene, n-octanol, n-octane and a selected chlorinated hydrocarbon) interact with each other or skin to alter the rate and/or amount of chemical absorption, (ii) develop computational procedures for estimating dermal absorption from aqueous and non-aqueous solutions containing two or more organic compounds, and (iii) demonstrate and use a new method for measuring electrochemical impedance to characterize skin barrier function and the effect of non-aqueous solutions thereon. Initial studies will involve four solutes (naphthalene, phenanthrene, 1-naphthol, and 1,3-naphthalenediol) in toluene and n-octanol. This combination of solutes and solvents were selected to examine interactions between similar and dissimilar chemicals, and to assess the importance of hydrogen bonding interactions between absorbing chemicals and skin. The ultimate goal of this research effort is a framework for relating dermal absorption measurements and predictions for liquid mixtures to industrial health scientists in the form of useful guidelines. With such information in-hand, it will be possible to plan effective exposure controls and/or interventions.

描述：工作场所是危险化学品与皮肤接触最常见的场所之一。认识皮肤暴露危险对于其控制至关重要。不幸的是，目前对皮肤吸收危害的化学物质的鉴定是不一致的、记录不足且定性的。因此，那些负责在工作场所保护人类健康和安全的人员被迫在很少或根本没有信息的情况下就安全或危险水平以及所需的个人防护类型做出判断。这项研究工作的最终目标是为职业安全和健康从业人员提供有关职业皮肤暴露的潜在危险水平的改进指导。虽然大多数皮肤职业接触涉及化学品混合物，但多种成分与皮肤之间的相互作用仍然未知。拟议的研究旨在识别和理解暴露于化学混合物，尤其是非水溶液的影响。我们了解到实验评估仅限于职业中遇到的所有混合物的一小部分，因此我们建议通过将数据与数学模型相结合来对潜在机制有一个基本的了解。具体来说，我们将 (i) 通过实验检查水中和四种非水溶液（甲苯、正辛醇、正辛烷和选定的氯化烃）中的几种测试溶质彼此或皮肤相互作用以改变速率的程度和/或化学吸收量，（ii）开发计算程序，用于估计含有两种或多种有机化合物的水性和非水性溶液的皮肤吸收，以及（iii）演示并使用一种测量电化学阻抗的新方法来表征皮肤屏障功能和非水性溶液对其的影响。初步研究将涉及甲苯和正辛醇中的四种溶质（萘、菲、1-萘酚和1,3-萘二醇）。选择这种溶质和溶剂的组合来检查相似和不同化学物质之间的相互作用，并评估吸收化学物质和皮肤之间氢键相互作用的重要性。这项研究工作的最终目标是建立一个框架，以有用的指南形式将液体混合物的皮肤吸收测量和预测与工业健康科学家联系起来。有了这些信息，就可以规划有效的暴露控制和/或干预措施。