'An indissoluble unity': considering the relationship between outward influences and the design of Birmingham's radical newspapers 1815-36

“牢不可破的团结”：考虑外部影响与伯明翰激进报纸设计之间的关系 1815-36

• 批准号: 2750267
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Birmingham City University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2750267
• 关键词: indissoluble; unity; considering; relationship; between

Birmingham is Britain's most historically important centre of printing outside London (Archer, 2016), yet its newspaper heritage is unappreciated and under-researched. With the 300th anniversary of Birmingham's first newspaper approaching, this study is a timely step towards understanding the historical significance of early newspaper print culture in the region.This research will explore radical newspapers through the lens of their design - typography, layout, illustration, format, paper - in order to determine how external factors affected their appearance and what their design can reveal about the political and social backgrounds in which they were published.It will build on what Aldous Huxley described as the 'indissoluble unity' between 'inward and outward, substance and form' (Huxley, 1928). Presentation affects perception, yet, despite its link with content, the visual elements of the radical newspaper are unexplored. Is it possible to determine a specific visual language in Birmingham's early nineteenth-century radical press, as has been identified in the twentieth-century underground press (Kaplan, 2013)? The importance of place and space to Birmingham's print culture has been established (Archer, 2020) - did the circumstances of the radical newspapers' creation alter their appearance in any way? Studies on radical print culture show shifts in format or content can be traced to changing economic and political conditions. For example, the government's campaign against the unstamped (Gilmartin, 1996) forced newspaper publishers to employ strategies to avoid taxation, prompting local radical George Edmonds to call his Weekly Recorder a pamphlet (Briggs, 1949). How did the clandestine nature of the radical titles translate into their design and production?While there are several studies on the history of radicalism in Birmingham (Thomas, 2021), references to radical newspapers are incidental. This study elaborates on previous research and links it directly to the region's print culture and the professional, social and political networks integral to Birmingham's newspapers.This interdisciplinary approach advances new methodologies for ascertaining key contextual information. It merges typographic analysis with traditional historical methods, historical bibliography, material culture studies and theories on place and space. Uniting these disciplines will create a matrix of information which will be interrogated in order to understand the relationship between the material sources (newspapers) and the immaterial world around them.The new methodological tool could be replicated by historians or current commentators when researching the connection between printed media and its external circumstances. The research will feed into discussions about the primacy of the London press and help to draw conclusions about the national importance of Birmingham's radical newspapers.Indicative timelineYears 1-2:BCU PGCert in Research Practice;contextual reading;evidence gathering in archives and libraries;develop methodology;refinement of research questions and source material;participation in CPHC events.Years 3-4:contextual reading;evidence gathering in archives and libraries;testing, refining and application of methodology;analysis of material and data;first draft chapters;organise conference on West Midlands Newspapers;participation CPHC events.Years 5-6:contextual reading;conclusions from research;final draft chapters;participation CPHC events.Year 7:Edit and proof-readPrepare thesis for printing and binding

伯明翰是伦敦以外的英国最重要的印刷中心（Archer，2016年），但其报纸遗产却没有欣赏和研究不足。随着伯明翰首次报纸的第300周年，这项研究是及时迈向理解该地区早期报纸印刷文化的历史意义的一步。这项研究将通过其设计的镜头来探索激进的报纸 - 版式，布局，插图，插图，格式，格式，形式，论文 - 以确定他们的外观和社交范围的影响，以揭示他们的外部和社交，以揭示他们在这些方面的表现。 “内向和外在，物质和形式”之间的“不可分解的统一”（Huxley，1928年）。演示会影响感知，但是，尽管它与内容联系在一起，但激进报纸的视觉元素却没有探索。是否可以在伯明翰19世纪初期的激进媒体上确定一种特定的视觉语言，就像二十世纪地下新闻界所确定的那样（Kaplan，2013年）？位置和空间与伯明翰印刷文化的重要性已经建立（Archer，2020年） - 激进报纸的创造情况是否以任何方式改变了它们的外表？关于激进印刷文化的研究表明，格式或内容的变化可以归因于不断变化的经济和政治条件。例如，政府反对未踩踏的运动（Gilmartin，1996年）迫使报纸出版商采用策略来避免征税，促使当地激进的乔治·埃德蒙兹（George Edmonds）将他的每周记录员称为小册子（Briggs，1949年）。激进标题的秘密性质如何转化为他们的设计和生产？尽管有几项关于伯明翰激进主义历史的研究（托马斯，2021年），但对激进报纸的引用却是偶然的。这项研究详细阐述了先前的研究，并将其直接与该地区的印刷文化以及伯明翰报纸报纸不可或缺的专业，社会和政治网络联系起来。这种跨学科方法推进了确定关键上下文信息的新方法。它将印刷分析与传统的历史方法，历史参考书目，物质文化研究以及位置和空间的理论相结合。将这些学科团结起来将创建信息矩阵，以了解物质资源（报纸）与周围的非物质世界之间的关系。在研究印刷媒体及其外部情况之间的联系时，历史学家或现有评论员可以复制新的方法论工具。这项研究将以关于伦敦媒体的首要地位的讨论，并有助于得出关于伯明翰激进报纸的国家重要性的结论。调节性时间表：1-2：BCU PGCERT在研究实践中在研究实践中；证据读取；在档案和图书馆中收集的证据；在档案和图书馆中收集；开展质量和材料的方法；参与CPHC的研究；参与CPHC 3--在3--中进行;图书馆；测试，炼油和应用方法论；材料和数据的分析；第一章草案；组织西米德兰兹报纸的会议；参与CPHC事件。年5-6：上下文阅读；研究的结论；研究草案；参与cphc事件；年7：编辑和校对和校对的读物和校对，并签署和结合构成思想，