Understanding False Recognition in Alzheimer's Disease

描述(申请人提供)：痴呆症将在5%至11%的65岁以上的人中发生，并将影响多达50%的85岁以上的人。阿尔茨海默病(AD)是导致痴呆症的最常见原因。研究阿尔茨海默病患者的错误再认对于理解临床错误记忆以及解释用于研究和临床护理的记忆测试结果具有重要意义。以前，我们专注于错误记忆，当受试者错误地识别物品时，因为它们分享了物品集合(要点信息)所传达的一般意义、想法或要旨，就会发生错误记忆。这些实验将使用实验心理学和认知神经科学的技术(包括事件相关电位，ERPs)来研究AD中对无关项目的错误识别(错误警报的基线比率)这一更根本的问题。由于错误警报反映了反应偏差(或反应“旧”的倾向)，本提案将在AD中批判性地检查这一偏差。目的1将调查AD患者是否能够转变为更保守的反应偏向。示例：1将检查不同水平的辨别反应偏差，并将这种偏差与额叶功能和对患者记忆缺陷的认识相关联。示例：当AD患者被告知研究项目的比例低于实际比例时，2将使用ERPs来检查反应偏差。目的2研究AD患者在弱提示的基础上抑制反应“衰老”的能力是否受损。摘录。3&4将使用行为和事件相关电位反应来检验，当通过增加呈现时间或测试项目的感知清晰度使项目变得更加熟悉时，AD患者是否比老年人更有可能做出“旧”的反应。示例：5检查AD患者是否能正确归因于他们熟悉的来源。目的3研究AD患者存在的无序语义网络是否会导致异常的熟悉感和错误再认增加。摘录。6和7将检查AD患者的反应时、N400事件相关电位反应和对弱语义关联的错误识别。Aim 4将调查在AD中使用的独特性启发式，受试者可能会使用经验法则降低他们的错误识别，“如果我在我之前看到它，我就会记得它。”摘录。8&9将使用行为和事件相关电位反应来检查AD患者是否可以使用这个启发式方法来减少他们的错误识别，以及它的使用是否与患者意识到他们的记忆缺陷有关。综上所述，拟议的研究将为AD患者的记忆提供新的见解，这可能会改善我们对AD患者的研究和临床护理。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Dementia will develop in 5% to 11% of people over the age of 65 and will affect as many as 50% of those over age 85. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Investigating false recognition in AD is important in understanding clinical false memories and in interpreting the results of memory tests used in research and clinical care. Previously we focused on false memories which occur when subjects falsely recognize items because they share the general meaning, idea, or gist conveyed by a collection of items (gist information). The proposed experiments will use the techniques of experimental psychology and cognitive neuroscience (including event-related potentials, ERPs) to investigate the more fundamental issue of the false recognition of unrelated items (the baseline rate of false alarms) in AD. As false alarms are a reflection of the response bias (or tendency to respond "old"), this proposal will critically examine this bias in AD. Aim 1 will investigate whether AD patients are able to shift to a more conservative response bias. Expt. 1 will examine response bias at varying levels of discrimination, and will correlate this bias with frontal lobe function and awareness of the patients' memory deficit. Expt. 2 will use ERPs to examine response bias when AD patients are told that a lower proportion of studied items are present than actually are. Aim 2 will investigate whether AD patients are impaired in their ability to inhibit responding "old" on the basis of weak cues. Expts. 3 & 4 will use behavioral and ERP responses to examine whether AD patients are more likely than older adults to respond "old" when items are made more familiar by increasing the presentation time or perceptual clarity of the test item. Expt. 5 examines whether AD patients can correctly attribute the source of their familiarity. Aim 3 will investigate whether the disordered semantic networks present in AD lead to an aberrant sense of familiarity and to increased false recognition. Expts. 6 & 7 will examine AD patients' reaction time, N400 ERP responses, and false recognition of weak semantic associates. Aim 4 will investigate the use of a distinctiveness heuristic in AD whereby subjects may lower their false recognition using the rule of thumb, "If I had seen it before I would have remembered it." Expts. 8 & 9 will use behavioral and ERP responses to examine whether AD patients can use this heuristic to reduce their false recognition and whether its use correlates with the patients' awareness of their memory deficit. Taken together, the proposed studies will provide new insights into memory in AD which may lead to improvements in our research and clinical care of patients with AD.