Understanding False Recognition in Alzheimer's Disease

了解阿尔茨海默氏病的错误识别

• 批准号: 6903061
• 负责人: Andrew Budson
• 金额: $ 35.79万
• 依托单位: BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-05-15 至 2010-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6903061
• 关键词: Alzheimer' s disease; aging; awareness; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; cognition; cues; differential semantics; evoked potentials; frontal lobe /cortex; human old age (65+); human subject; memory; memory disorders; neuropsychology; psychological tests; psychomotor reaction time; semantics; visual perception

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Dementia will develop in 5% to 11% of people over the age of 65 and will affect as many as 50% of those over age 85. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Investigating false recognition in AD is important in understanding clinical false memories and in interpreting the results of memory tests used in research and clinical care. Previously we focused on false memories which occur when subjects falsely recognize items because they share the general meaning, idea, or gist conveyed by a collection of items (gist information). The proposed experiments will use the techniques of experimental psychology and cognitive neuroscience (including event-related potentials, ERPs) to investigate the more fundamental issue of the false recognition of unrelated items (the baseline rate of false alarms) in AD. As false alarms are a reflection of the response bias (or tendency to respond "old"), this proposal will critically examine this bias in AD. Aim 1 will investigate whether AD patients are able to shift to a more conservative response bias. Expt. 1 will examine response bias at varying levels of discrimination, and will correlate this bias with frontal lobe function and awareness of the patients' memory deficit. Expt. 2 will use ERPs to examine response bias when AD patients are told that a lower proportion of studied items are present than actually are. Aim 2 will investigate whether AD patients are impaired in their ability to inhibit responding "old" on the basis of weak cues. Expts. 3 & 4 will use behavioral and ERP responses to examine whether AD patients are more likely than older adults to respond "old" when items are made more familiar by increasing the presentation time or perceptual clarity of the test item. Expt. 5 examines whether AD patients can correctly attribute the source of their familiarity. Aim 3 will investigate whether the disordered semantic networks present in AD lead to an aberrant sense of familiarity and to increased false recognition. Expts. 6 & 7 will examine AD patients' reaction time, N400 ERP responses, and false recognition of weak semantic associates. Aim 4 will investigate the use of a distinctiveness heuristic in AD whereby subjects may lower their false recognition using the rule of thumb, "If I had seen it before I would have remembered it." Expts. 8 & 9 will use behavioral and ERP responses to examine whether AD patients can use this heuristic to reduce their false recognition and whether its use correlates with the patients' awareness of their memory deficit. Taken together, the proposed studies will provide new insights into memory in AD which may lead to improvements in our research and clinical care of patients with AD.

描述（由申请人提供）：65岁以上的人群中有5%至11%会患痴呆症，85岁以上的人群中有50%会患痴呆症。阿尔茨海默病（AD）是痴呆症最常见的原因。研究阿尔茨海默病的错误识别对于理解临床错误记忆以及解释研究和临床护理中使用的记忆测试结果具有重要意义。之前我们关注的是错误记忆，即当受试者错误地识别物品时，因为他们分享了一组物品所传达的一般含义、想法或要点（要点信息）。本实验将使用实验心理学和认知神经科学（包括事件相关电位，erp）的技术来研究AD中不相关项目的错误识别（假警报基线率）的更基本问题。由于假警报是反应偏差（或反应“旧”的倾向）的反映，本建议将严格检查AD中的这种偏差。目的1将调查AD患者是否能够转向更保守的反应偏倚。专家1将在不同程度的歧视下检查反应偏差，并将这种偏差与额叶功能和患者记忆缺陷的意识联系起来。专家2将使用erp来检查当AD患者被告知所研究项目的比例低于实际存在时的反应偏差。目的2将研究AD患者在弱信号的基础上抑制“老”反应的能力是否受损。专家3和专家4将使用行为和ERP反应来检验当通过增加测试项目的呈现时间或感知清晰度使项目变得更熟悉时，AD患者是否比老年人更有可能反应为“老”。实验5检验了AD患者是否能够正确地归因于他们熟悉的来源。目的3将研究AD中存在的无序语义网络是否会导致异常的熟悉感和增加的错误识别。专家6和7将检查AD患者的反应时间、N400 ERP反应和对弱语义关联的错误识别。目的4将调查在AD中使用的独特性启发式，即受试者可能使用经验法则降低他们的错误识别，“如果我以前见过它，我就会记住它。”专家8和9将使用行为和ERP反应来检查AD患者是否可以使用这种启发式来减少他们的错误识别，以及它的使用是否与患者对他们的记忆缺陷的意识相关。综上所述，拟议的研究将为阿尔茨海默氏症患者的记忆提供新的见解，这可能会导致我们对阿尔茨海默氏症患者的研究和临床护理的改进。