Novel Nanostructures for Topical Photodynamic Therapy

用于局部光动力治疗的新型纳米结构

• 批准号: 7150846
• 负责人: J TIM WHARTON
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: LYNNTECH, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-08-01 至 2009-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7150846
• 关键词: antibiotics; bacteria; communicable diseases; infection; lead; lighting; neoplasm /cancer; singlet oxygen

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Fullerenes are a class of closed-cage nanomaterials comprised exclusively of carbon atoms. A great deal of attention has been focused on developing medical uses of these unique molecules. This proposal concerns the development of fullerenes in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy, a non-invasive procedure that combines a non-toxic photosensitizer with harmless visible light to kill microbial cells. An advantage of photodynamic therapy is its high level of selectivity. This is achieved by using photosensitizers that selectively target specific cell types and by controlling the area that is illuminated. In the Phase I study, a number of fullerene-based photosensitizers with highly desirable properties were synthesized and tested. The PS inactivated a broad spectrum of microbes (6 log reduction of gram positive bacteria, gram negative bacteria and fungi). The Phase I results are particularly encouraging because the fullerene photosensitizers were effective at low concentrations and needed only low levels of illumination. In addition, under conditions where bacterial cells were killed, mammalian cells were unharmed. Tests also showed that the fullerene photosensitizers performed substantially better than an antimicrobial photosensitizer commonly used in clinical practice. In the Phase II study, an understanding of the relationship between the nanoscale properties of fullerenes and their ability to selectively photoinactivate microorganisms will be developed, leading to the commercial development of treatments for localized bacterial and fungal infections. In addition, the PS will be tested for the mediation of topical PDT in mouse models of infected wounds and burns using bioluminescent bacteria and low-light imaging to follow infection progress in real time. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy can serve as a new technique to combat pathogenic bacteria that have developed antibiotic resistance. Wound infections affect millions of Americans each year. With ever increasing antibiotic resistance, antimicrobials are sought for treatment of localized infections (bacterial and fungal) with applications in dermatology, dentistry, and ophthalmology. A global market of $3 billion dollars is projected, representing a significant opportunity for commercialization.

描述（申请人提供）：富勒烯是一类仅由碳原子组成的闭笼纳米材料。大量的注意力集中在开发这些独特分子的医学用途上。该提案涉及富勒烯在抗菌光动力疗法中的发展，这是一种非侵入性的程序，将无毒光敏剂与无害的可见光结合起来杀死微生物细胞。光动力疗法的优点是其高水平的选择性。这是通过使用选择性靶向特定细胞类型的光敏剂和通过控制被照射的区域来实现的。在第一阶段研究中，合成并测试了许多具有高度理想性能的富勒烯基光敏剂。PS灭活广谱微生物（革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌和真菌的对数减少6）。第一阶段的结果是特别令人鼓舞的，因为富勒烯光敏剂在低浓度下是有效的，只需要低水平的照明。此外，在杀死细菌细胞的条件下，哺乳动物细胞没有受到伤害。测试还表明，富勒烯光敏剂的性能明显优于临床实践中常用的抗菌光敏剂。在第二阶段研究中，将开发对富勒烯的纳米级特性与其选择性光致微生物的能力之间关系的理解，从而导致局部细菌和真菌感染治疗的商业开发。此外，将使用生物发光细菌和低光成像在感染伤口和烧伤的小鼠模型中测试PS对局部PDT的介导，以真实的时间跟踪感染进展。抗菌光动力疗法可以作为一种新的技术，以打击病原菌已开发的抗生素耐药性。伤口感染每年影响数百万美国人。随着抗生素耐药性的不断增加，寻求抗微生物剂用于治疗局部感染（细菌和真菌），并应用于皮肤病学、牙科学和眼科学。预计全球市场将达到30亿美元，这是一个巨大的商业化机会。