Arctic forest change in a warming climate

Jack Marchant的项目细节如下：题目：变暖气候下的北极森林变化大纲：由于物种范围的变化，生物群落和它们之间的过渡区预计会在气候变化的影响下发生变化。其中一个非常重要的过渡地带是北方森林到北极苔原的过渡地带，随着气候变暖，森林有可能向苔原推进。优势植被类型的变化对地球上最广阔（按面积计算）的生态边界上的能量平衡以及陆地与大气之间温室气体交换的符号和大小都有深远的潜在影响。反过来，这些变化可能会反馈促进北极地区及其他地区的进一步变暖。由于这种变化可能比简单的、均匀的、向极地移动更多样化（Rees et al. 2020），需要紧急关注的关键问题是：在极地周围的北极地区，森林是否正在推进，如果是，以什么速度，在哪里，为什么？该项目将以主管在确定森林结构和变化导致的潜在转变方面之前的补充工作为基础，结合遥感和植物生态学方法，并借鉴最近在北极圈周围地区进行的其他研究（Rees et al. 2020，以及其中的参考文献）作为坚实的起点。以遥感为主导的方法将使我们能够大大扩展目前在北极地区报告的地点和相关研究的相当不完整的分布。当前，在物理研究面临许多地缘政治挑战的情况下，在解决俄罗斯北极大部分地区缺乏相关信息的问题时，这一点尤为重要。

Jack Marchant's project details are as follows:Title : Arctic forest change in a warming climateOutline:Biomes and the transition zones between them are expected to shift under the influence of a changing climate because of species' range shifts. One such very important transition zone is that of the boreal forest to arctic tundra and the potential for forest advance into tundra with climatic warming. Shifts in dominant vegetation type have profound potential impacts upon both energy balance, as well as sign and magnitude of exchanges of greenhouse gases between land and atmosphere, along what is Earth's most extensive (by area) ecological boundary. These shifts, in turn, may feedback to promote further enhanced warming across Arctic regions and beyond. Since such shifts may be more varied than a simple, uniform, poleward displacement (Rees et al. 2020) key questions requiring urgent attention are: whether or not forest advance is underway around the circumpolar Arctic and, if so, at what rates, where and why?This project will build upon previous, complementary, work of the supervisors in determining forest structure and potential transitions as a result of change, combining both remote sensing and plant ecology approaches, as well as drawing upon recent studies by others at localities around the circumpolar Arctic (Rees et al. 2020, and references therein) as a solid starting point. A remote-sensing-led approach will allow us to expand significantly beyond the currently rather patchy distribution of reported sites and associated studies at localities around the Arctic. This is particularly relevant at the current time when addressing the dearth of relevant information for much of the Russian Arctic at a time of many geopolitical challenges for physical study.