Peripheral optical and neural contributions to myopia development

周边光学和神经对近视发展的贡献

• 批准号: 10503209
• 负责人: GEUNYOUNG YOON
• 金额: $ 40.37万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2027-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10503209
• 关键词: Affect; Age of Onset; Anisotropy; Astigmatism; Blindness; Bypass; Characteristics; Child; Clinic; Coma; Contact Lenses; Contrast Sensitivity; Custom; Data; Development; Disease; Environment; Exposure to; Eye; Eye diseases; Genetic; Goals; Human; Hyperopia; Image; Individual; Intervention; Investigation; Lead; Life; Link; Long-Term Effects; Longitudinal Studies; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Myopia; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Optics; Peripheral; Play; Population; Prevalence; Process; Psychophysics; Radial; Refractive Errors; Retina; Risk Factors; Role; Scanning; Schools; Shapes; Space Perception; Testing; Thick; Time; Validation; Vision; Visual; Visual impairment; Visual system structure; adaptive optics; base; design; effective intervention; experimental study; improved; innovation; insight; lens; novel; portability; prevent; relating to nervous system; response; retinal imaging; sample fixation; sensor; success; tool

Abstract Myopia (nearsightedness) is one of the foremost causes of visual impairment worldwide, with severe myopia being linked to several serious eye diseases that can result in permanent blindness. The prevalence of myopia has been increasing and is estimated to affect 50% of the world’s population by 2050. Despite the identification of many risk factors for myopia progression such as age of onset, genetics, visual environment, and peripheral defocus, causes of myopia are not fully understood. Current interventions have shown some success, but without a clear explanation for their mechanism of action. It is therefore critical to investigate the mechanisms underlying myopia development in order to design effective interventions to control the progression of myopia in children, and to delay or ultimately prevent onset altogether. Our long-term goal is to understand the influence of peripheral optical and neural factors on myopia development. The specific objective of this proposal is to test the central hypothesis that optical and neural anisotropy in the human peripheral visual system plays an important role in axial elongation. To achieve these goals we will develop and implement innovative optical tools including a compact scanning ocular wavefront sensor, an open-view scanning adaptive optics vision simulator, and individually-customized contact lenses. Aim 1 is directed at characterizing how different aberration profiles impact through-focus retinal image quality and neural functions. First, measuring lower and higher order ocular aberrations across retinal eccentricity will characterize individual retinal image quality and blur orientations. Neural anisotropy at the same eccentricities will then be evaluated by administering psychophysical tasks while bypassing the ocular optics using a scanning adaptive optics vision simulator. Aim 2 will focus on determining how intrinsic peripheral aberration profiles and eye shape change over time in school children. To do this, we will develop a compact portable scanning wavefront sensor that can be transported to and used in a clinic for measuring longitudinal changes of school children’s optics across retinal eccentricity. This will allow us to delineate relationships between changes in peripheral aberrations at the crucial stages of myopia development, in those children who develop myopia. Aim 3 is proposed to further investigate a role of blur orientations in detecting the sign of defocus and altering directional neural sensitivity in the peripheral retina. To achieve this goal, the retinal response in term of changes in choroidal layer thickness (short-term) and neural sensitivity (long-term) will be examined during and after the peripheral retina is exposed to specific blur orientations.

抽象的 近视（近视）是全球视觉障碍的外国原因之一，严重的近视 与几种可能导致永久失明的严重眼科疾病有关。近视的患病率 到2050年，已经有所增加，估计会影响全球50％的人口。 近视发展的许多危险因素，例如发病年龄，遗传学，视觉环境和周围 散焦，近视的原因尚不完全理解。当前的干预措施已显示出一些成功，但是 没有明确解释其作用机理。因此，研究机制至关重要 近视开发的基础，以设计有效的干预措施以控制近视的发展 我们的长期目标是了解 外周光学和神经因素对近视发育的影响。这个的具体目标 提案是测试中心假设，即人外周视觉中的光学和神经各向异性 系统在轴向伸长率中起重要作用。为了实现这些目标，我们将开发和实施 创新的光学工具，包括紧凑的眼球传感器，开放视图扫描 自适应光学视觉模拟器和单独定性的隐形眼镜。 AIM 1旨在表征 不同的畸变轮廓如何影响对焦点残留图像质量和神经功能。第一的， 测量视网膜偏心范围的较低和高阶眼畸变将表征个体 视网膜图像质量和模糊方向。然后将评估相同偏心率的神经各向异性 通过使用扫描自适应光学元件绕过眼镜，通过管理心理物理任务 视觉模拟器。 AIM 2将集中于确定固有的外围畸变轮廓和眼睛形状 在学童中随着时间的流逝而改变。为此，我们将开发一个紧凑的便携式扫描波前传感器 可以将其运送到诊所中，用于测量学童光学的纵向变化 整个视网膜偏心率。这将使我们能够描述周围变化之间的关系 在近视发展的关键阶段的畸变，在那些发展近视的孩子中。 AIM 3是 提议进一步研究模糊方向在检测散焦迹象和改变的作用 周围视网膜中定向神经灵敏度。为了实现这一目标，以 脉络膜层厚度（短期）和神经灵敏度（长期）的变化将在和期间检查 周围视网膜暴露于特定的模糊方向之后。