Dynamic Visual Activity in Temporal Cortex

颞叶皮层的动态视觉活动

• 批准号: 7210567
• 负责人: DAVID L SHEINBERG
• 金额: $ 36.83万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-04-01 至 2009-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7210567
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Animals; Area; Attention; Behavioral; Brain; Cells; Classification; Complex; Condition; Data; Discrimination; Environment; Event; Image; Investigation; Joints; Left; Modeling; Monitor; Monkeys; Movement; Nervous system structure; Neurons; Physiological; Primates; Process; Property; Research Personnel; Role; Signal Transduction; Stimulus; System; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Time; Training; Update; Vision; Visual; Visual Pathways; Visual Perception; Visuospatial; abstracting; active vision; base; design; expectation; experience; extrastriate; extrastriate visual cortex; inferotemporal cortex; interest; neural circuit; neurophysiology; object perception; object recognition; programs; relating to nervous system; research study; response; sensory cortex; theories; virtual; visual stimulus

(Revised Abstract) Description: How the nervous system extracts a coherent view of our complex and dynamic world is not well understood. Current understanding of the neural circuitry involved in visual object recognition is based in large part on physiological recordings made during passive animals looking at static images. Real world vision differs dramatically from these conditions, as both the observer and objects in the world are dynamic. Further, active vision is purposive; an observer's percepts can guide actions that may in turn alter the visual environment. The objective of the experiments described in this proposal is to begin to investigate the neural basis of active vision by recording the neural activity generated in extrastriate visual areas of the temporal lobe while monkeys observe, monitor, and interact with complex visual forms over temporally extended periods.The first specific aim will explore how knowing when something will occur prepares the perceptual system to determine what has occured. The second aim will test the hypothesis that neural activity in IT is maintained not only by the visible presence of the object, but also when that object disappears momentarily from view but in a context consistent with its continued physical presence. The final aim considers whether either overt action directed toward an object, or planned action for an upcoming event, directly affect the responses of IT neurons to visual stimuli. Existing neurophysiological theories of object processing propose that cells in the temporal cortex are essential for matching acquired visual snapshots to stored representations, but they leave open the question of how these brain areas contribute to continuous visual experience. By recording from cells whose putative role is to convey information about the detailed world, it is expected that these experiments can provide essential empirical data directly addressing this issue, and in doing so, will force the consideration of theories of dynamic neural processing as opposed to traditional "snapshot" models of visual perception.

（修订摘要）描述：神经系统如何提取我们复杂和动态世界的连贯视图还没有得到很好的理解。 目前对参与视觉物体识别的神经回路的理解在很大程度上是基于被动动物在观看静态图像时所做的生理记录。 真实的世界视觉与这些条件截然不同，因为观察者和世界中的物体都是动态的。 此外，主动视觉是有目的的;观察者的感知可以引导可能反过来改变视觉环境的行为。 本实验的目的是开始研究主动视觉的神经基础，方法是记录猴子在长时间内观察、监控和与复杂视觉形式互动时颞叶纹外视觉区产生的神经活动，第一个具体目标是探索感知系统如何在知道某事何时发生时准备好确定发生了什么。第二个目标是检验这样一个假设，即信息技术中的神经活动不仅通过物体的可见存在来维持，而且当该物体暂时从视野中消失时，也会在与其持续的物理存在相一致的背景下维持。最终的目标是考虑是否直接对一个对象的公开行动，或计划的行动，为即将到来的事件，直接影响IT神经元的视觉刺激的反应。现有的物体处理神经生理学理论认为，颞叶皮层中的细胞对于将获得的视觉快照与存储的表征相匹配是必不可少的，但他们留下了这些大脑区域如何有助于连续视觉体验的问题。通过记录细胞的假定作用是传达有关详细世界的信息，预计这些实验可以提供直接解决这个问题的基本经验数据，并在这样做时，将迫使考虑动态神经处理理论，而不是传统的“快照”模型的视觉感知。