Recognition of shape by vision and touch

摘要/摘要 这个项目的目标是了解物体是如何通过视觉和触觉识别的。虽然相当可观 我们在了解有关形状的视觉信息如何进入高等大脑方面取得了进展 识别物体和指导动作所涉及的结构，以及通过其获得相同信息的电路 通过触摸的方式没有那么先进。这是一个重要的问题，因为我们仍然不知道对象是如何 在大脑中表示，特别是这些对象的统一表示如何从 多重感官。愿景在协调这种整合中扮演的角色是一个悬而未决的问题：我们真的看到了 用我们的手？即使对于那些视力正常的人来说，这也是真的吗？这个探索性项目的目标是 开发一种新的方法来解决这些问题。特别是，我们的目标是开发一种独特的“触觉” Display“，构建为MRI安全，并能够呈现可交错的新物理形状 行为研究中的视觉刺激(目标1)。在目标2中，我们在行为范式中使用该设备来测试 假设对特定样本的熟悉可以通过培训学习并改善行为 形状匹配的性能，利用该设备生成新样本的能力。我们 还将确定学习对于单峰识别和跨模式识别是否具有同等的好处。这些 实验将阐明熟悉性在触觉加工中的作用，并为AIM提供经验基础 3，旨在解决一个悬而未决的问题，即触觉探索之间的相互作用 和视觉皮质区域，以及观察到这种形式的交叉模式激活的条件。 总而言之，这两项研究都将引入一种新的范式来处理未被充分研究的 触觉识别，并试图将视觉和触觉处理领域联系起来，寻找答案 关于单个物体的感觉信息如何汇聚以产生印象的问题由来已久 统一的整体。这些目标的成功完成将为第一个系统化的 单神经元水平多模式物体识别的神经生理学研究。这有 对于理解正常识别中感觉系统之间的丰富相互作用具有重要意义 以及在受伤或中风后感觉功能的恢复和康复。

Abstract/Summary The goal of this project is to understand how objects are recognition by vision and touch. While considerable progress has been made in our understanding how visual information about shape can access higher brain structures involved in recognizing objects and directing action, circuits by which the same information derived by touch are not as advanced. This is an important question, because we still do not know how objects are represented in the brain, and in particular, how a unified representation of these objects can be derived from multiple senses. The role vision plays in orchestrating this integration is an open question: Do we literally see with our hands? And is this true even for those without normal vision? The goal of this exploratory project is to develop a new approach for addressing these questions. In particular, we aim to develop a unique “haptic display”, built to be MRI safe and capable of presenting novel physical shapes that can be interleaved with visual stimuli in behavioral studies (Aim 1). In Aim 2, we use this device in a behavioral paradigm to test the hypothesis that familiarity for specific exemplars can be learned through training and improve behavioral performance for shape matching, taking advantage of the device’s ability to generate novel exemplars. We will also establish if learning has equivalent benefits for unimodal and crossmodal identification. These experiments will clarify the role of familiarity in haptic processing and provide an empirical foundation for Aim 3, which is designed to address an outstanding question about the interaction between haptic exploration and visual cortical areas, and the conditions under which this form of crossmodal activation is observed. Together, these studies will both introduce a new paradigm for approaching the understudied problem of haptic recognition, and attempt to link fields of visual and haptic processing in search of an answer to the longstanding question of how sensory information about single objects converges to generate impressions of unified wholes. Successful completion of these aims will provide a key starting point for the first systematic neurophysiological investigations of multi-modal object recognition at the single neuron level. This has significant implications for understanding the rich interplay between sensory systems in normal recognition and the recovery and rehabilitation of sensory function following injury or stroke.