Estimating the Prevalence of Alcohol Use Disorders among At-Risk Drivers

估计高危驾驶员中酒精使用障碍的患病率

• 批准号: 7501698
• 负责人: Debra M. Furr-Holden
• 金额: $ 6.06万
• 依托单位: PACIFIC INSTITUTE FOR RES AND EVALUATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-01 至 2009-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7501698
• 关键词: Address; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol dependence; Alcohols; Appendix; Attention; Automobile Driving; Blood alcohol level measurement; Breath Tests; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Chronic; Collection; Consumption; Contracts; Criminal Justice; Data; Data Analyses; Dependence; Dependency; Destinations; Drug usage; Elements; Evaluation Research; Federal Government; Frequencies; Funding; Future; Health; Heavy Drinking; Incidence; Industry; Injury; Institutes; Insurance; Intercept; Interview; Invasive; Laws; Light; Liquid substance; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Numbers; Oral; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phase; Policies; Population; Preparation; Prevalence; Prevention; Preventive Intervention; Principal Investigator; Probability Samples; Protocols documentation; Questionnaires; Rate; Reading; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Safety; Saliva; Sampling; Schedule; Screening procedure; Severities; Signal Transduction; Surveys; System; Testing; Time; Work; alcohol use disorder; binge drinking; demographics; disability; drinking; driving under influence; insight; offender; problem drinker; programs; response; service intervention; social; tool; trafficking

This proposal seeks to implement a brief screen for alcohol use disorders (AUDs) among the approximate 6,000 participants in the upcoming 2006 National Highway Safety and Traffic Administration (NHSTA) National Roadside Survey (NRS). There is a body of evidence that purports heavy and problem drinkers are overrepresented in the population of DUI offenders and pose a significant threat to highway and traffic safety. A brief AUD screener validated as rapid roadside assessment of AUDs is proposed for inclusion in the upcoming NRS. This project will clarify the extent to which drivers in general, and more specifically drivers with elevated blood alcohol contents as measured by standardized breath tests have current alcohol problems. If successful, this screen will aid policymakers in determining appropriate intervention services for DUI offenders as well as correlate cross-sectional BAG readings with varying types of pathological alcohol use, namely binge drinking, heavy drinking, and alcohol abuse and dependence (potential signals for unmet treatment need). The alcohol screen proposed for use in this large roadside survey is grounded in existing evidence derived from and exploratory program where the screener was refined, piloted and validated as a rapid roadside screening tool. The measurement constructs to be employed are the consumption subscale of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and the Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule (AUDADIS). This work is divided into three distinct phases. Phase 1 entails preparation for the 6,000 case fielding of the NRS. Phase 2 is the fielding of the NRS Program and Phase 3 is dedicated to analysis of data and dissemination of findings. The specific aims of this work are: Aim 1: To assess the extent to which persons with alcohol-use disorders (AUDs) are present in the nighttime weekend driving population, the period of greatest risk for alcohol-related crash fatalities. Aim 2;To conduct an assessment of the relationship between cross-sectional BAG and active AUD status, including adjustment for active other drug use. Aim 3: To identify characteristics of nighttime weekend drivers that signal unmet treatment need for drug- and alcohol-related prevention or intervention services. Health significance: The significance of this work is best viewed in light of the substantial societal resources being allocated to address the perceived risk posed by AUD drivers who are believed to be chronic DUI offenders as evidenced by the passage of state laws. This nationwide probability sample will enable national prevalence estimates of the extent to which persons with AUDs are represented in the most at-risk for crash, injury and death driving and passenger population.

该提案旨在对大约100名儿童中的酒精使用障碍（AUD）进行简短筛查， 6，000人参加即将举行的2006年国家公路安全和交通管理局（NHSTA） 国家道路调查（NRS）。有大量证据表明，酗酒者和酗酒者 在DUI罪犯人口中所占比例过高，并对高速公路和交通构成重大威胁 安全为代价的建议将一个经过验证的简单AUD筛选器作为AUD的快速路边评估纳入 即将到来的NRS这个项目将阐明在何种程度上，司机一般，更具体地说， 经标准呼气测试测得血液酒精含量高的司机， 问题如果成功，该屏幕将帮助决策者确定适当的干预服务， DUI罪犯以及相关的横截面BAG读数与不同类型的病理性酒精 使用，即酗酒、酗酒和酒精滥用和依赖（未得到满足的潜在信号） 治疗需要）。建议在这次大型路边调查中使用的酒精筛查是基于现有的 证据来源于一个探索性的项目，在该项目中，筛选器被细化、试点和验证为一个 快速路边筛选工具。将采用的测量结构是 酒精使用障碍识别测试（AUDIT）和酒精使用障碍及相关 残疾人面试时间表（AUDADIS）。这项工作分为三个不同的阶段。第一阶段需要 为NRS的6，000个案例的部署做准备。第二阶段是NRS计划的部署，第三阶段是 致力于分析数据和传播调查结果。这项工作的具体目标是：目标1： 评估酒精使用障碍（AUD）患者在夜间周末出现的程度 驾驶人口，与酒精有关的车祸死亡风险最大的时期。目标2：开展 评估横截面BAG与活动性AUD状态之间的关系，包括调整 积极使用其他药物。目标3：识别夜间周末信号未满足的驾驶员的特征 与毒品和酒精有关的预防或干预服务的治疗需求。 健康意义： 这项工作的重要性最好从分配给以下方面的大量社会资源来看待： 解决被认为是慢性DUI罪犯的AUD司机所带来的感知风险， 通过州法律。这一全国性的概率样本将使国家流行率估计， AUD患者在车祸、受伤和死亡驾驶风险中的比例 乘客人数。

项目成果

Marijuana and Other Substance Use Among Motor Vehicle Operators: A Latent Class Analysis.

机动车辆驾驶员中大麻和其他药物的使用：潜在类别分析。

• DOI: 10.15288/jsad.2015.76.916
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Scherer,Michael;Harrell,Paul;Romano,Eduardo
• 通讯作者: Romano,Eduardo

Marijuana as a predictor of concurrent substance use among motor vehicle operators.

• DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2013.804230
• 发表时间: 2013-07
• 期刊: Journal of psychoactive drugs
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Scherer M;Voas RB;Furr-Holden D
• 通讯作者: Furr-Holden D

Drinking drivers and drug use on weekend nights in the United States.

美国周末晚上酒后驾车和吸毒。

• DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.11.007
• 发表时间: 2013
• 期刊: Drug and alcohol dependence
• 影响因子: 4.2
• 作者: Voas,RobertB;Lacey,JohnH;Jones,Kristina;Scherer,Michael;Compton,Richard
• 通讯作者: Compton,Richard

Drinking and driving in the United States: comparing results from the 2007 and 1996 National Roadside Surveys.

• DOI: 10.1080/15389588.2012.697229
• 发表时间: 2013
• 期刊: Traffic injury prevention
• 影响因子: 2
• 作者: Kelley-Baker T;Lacey JH;Voas RB;Romano E;Yao J;Berning A
• 通讯作者: Berning A

The relative risk of involvement in fatal crashes as a function of race/ethnicity and blood alcohol concentration.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jsr.2013.12.005
• 发表时间: 2014-02
• 期刊: Journal of safety research
• 影响因子: 4.1
• 作者: Torres P;Romano E;Voas RB;de la Rosa M;Lacey JH
• 通讯作者: Lacey JH