Alcohol policies to prevent and reduce youth violence exposure

预防和减少青少年暴力暴露的酒精政策

• 批准号: 9332101
• 负责人: Debra M. Furr-Holden
• 金额: $ 34.96万
• 依托单位: MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-01 至 2018-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9332101
• 关键词: Alcohol; policies; prevent; reduce; youth

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed application, submitted in response to CDC RFA-CE-15-001 'Research Grants for Preventing Violence and Violence Related Injury (R01)' seeks to rigorously evaluate structural interventions focused specifically on alcohol policies for the primary prevention of youth violence in US-based children and adolescents. Specifically we focus our study on the relationship between alcohol outlet density (a structural/environmental factor) and changes in the alcohol environment due to alcohol policies (e.g., tax increases and Sunday sales restrictions) on subsequent rates of youth violence in a cross-section of 10 U.S. States that are Alcohol Beverage Control States and have publically available data on youth violence perpetration. We provide a more in-depth analysis in 1 state to examine the mediating role of policy enforcement and changes in overall community disorder/disadvantage. There is a sizable body of literature demonstrating that the alcohol environment impacts community violence and other forms of interpersonal violence among adults, e.g., physical assaults (e.g., Franklin et al., 2010; Gorman et al., 1998; Gorman et al., 2001, Jennings et al., 2014). Far less research has been conducted that specifically examines structural interventions related to the alcohol environment as a means to prevent and reduce youth violence and have predominantly been limited to studies of changing the minimum drinking age in Europe (Toomey and Wagenaar, 1999; Callaghan, et al., 2014; Kypri, et al., 2014). The proposed research provides a unique opportunity to examine the overall impact of alcohol outlets and structural interventions designed to reduce alcohol outlet density and availability on youth violence. We also explore the potential mediating role of overall neighborhood disorder, a known correlate of increased alcohol outlet density. This study will evaluate the impact of alcohol outlet density and structural interventions on violence perpetrated by children and adolescents. To our knowledge, this would provide the first comprehensive evaluation that identifies this relationship among children and adolescents. The Specific Aims of this research are to: Aim 1: Determine the extent to which youth violence co-varies as a function of alcohol outlet density and policies designed to regulate and reduce alcohol outlet density, availability and access in a national sample. Aim 2: Examine the longitudinal relationship (from 2004-2012) between alcohol outlet density and availability on youth violence in national sample. We will examine the mediating role of alcohol policies and overall community characteristics, and examine the moderating role of baseline alcohol outlet density. Aim 3: Evaluate the impact of structural interventions to restrict alcohol outlet density and availability and corresponding enforcement strategies on youth violence in Maryland, a semi-alcohol beverage controls state with several recent and historical legislative policies related to alcohol that are theorized to impact AODA and subsequent rates of youth violence.

 描述（应用程序提供）：拟议的申请，响应于CDC RFA-CE-15-001'预防暴力和暴力相关伤害的研究赠款（R01）'试图严格评估针对基于我们的儿童和uscement的青少年暴力的酒精政策，专门针对结构性干预措施。具体而言，我们将研究重点放在酒精出口密度（结构/环境因素）与酒精政策（例如，税收增加和周日的销售限制）引起的酒精环境变化之间的关系上，以随后在10个美国酒精饮料控制状态和对青年侵犯的公开数据的美国横截面中的青年侵犯发生率。我们在1个州提供了更深入的分析，以研究政策执法的中介作用以及整体社区障碍/劣势的变化。有相当大的文献表明，酒精环境会影响成年人之间的社区暴力和其他形式的人际暴力，例如身体攻击（例如，Franklin等，2010; Gorman等，1998; Gorman et al。进行的研究少得多，该研究专门研究与酒精环境有关的结构干预措施，作为预防和减少青年暴力的一种手段，主要仅限于改变欧洲最低饮酒年龄的研究（Toomey and Wagenaar，1999; Callaghan等，等等，2014; Kypri等人，2014年）。拟议的研究提供了一个独特的机会，可以检查酒精渠道和结构性干预措施的整体影响，旨在减少酒精渠道密度和对青年暴力行为的可用性。我们还探讨了整体邻里障碍的潜在介导作用，这是一种已知的酒精出口密度增加的相关性。这项研究将评估酒精出口密度和结构干预措施对儿童和青少年犯下的暴力的影响。据我们所知，这将提供第一个确定儿童和青少年之间这种关系的全面评估。这项研究的具体目的是：目标1：确定青年暴力的共同变化与旨在调节和降低国家样本中酒精出口密度，可用性和访问权限的酒精出口密度和政策的函数的程度。 AIM 2：检查饮酒渠道密度与国家样本中青年暴力的可用性之间的纵向关系（从2004- 2012年开始）。我们将研究酒精政策和整体社区特征的中介作用，并检查基线酒精插座密度的调节作用。目标3：评估结构性干预措施对限制酒精出口密度和可用性的影响，以及对马里兰州青年暴力行为的相应执法策略，这是一种半酒精早餐控制状态，具有与酒精相关的几项最近和历史立法政策，这些政策被理论化，以影响AODA和后来的青年暴力。