Sibling Models of Adolescent Alcohol Use and Abuse

这是一个要求继续资助独特的研究收养和非收养家庭，兄弟姐妹 互动和行为研究（SIBS）。SIBS的主要目的是调查青少年的起源 酒精使用和滥用以及发展生物心理社会学中的相关行为病理学 框架.在资助初期，我们系统地确定和评估了409个收养和208个 非收养家庭，每个家庭由一对青少年兄弟姐妹和抚养他们的父母组成。家庭 完成了广泛的5小时，亲自评估，其中包括物质使用的测量， 虐待、心理健康、家庭和社会环境以及个人层面的风险标志。在这个延续中， 建议，我们试图完成对摄入量SIBS数据集的分析，并探索遗传和 环境对青少年发展的影响。在完成对摄入量SIBS数据集的分析时， 我们将检验以下假设：1）共同的环境影响对 青少年去抑制精神病理学，包括青少年饮酒，和2）兄弟姐妹，而不是 父母是共同环境影响青少年去抑制行为的主要来源。到 通过研究基因-环境相互作用，将对SIBS参与者进行8-12个候选基因的基因分型 被选为与易受抑制性精神病理学的影响有关。我们采用的样本 青少年包括相当数量的东亚人，他们也将在ALDH 2上进行基因分型。 多态对ALDH 2数据的分析将不仅关注它是否对酒精有保护作用 东亚人的消费在非东亚家庭长大，但也对因素，占沉重的 酒精消费在东亚青少年谁继承ALDH 2缺乏症。分析中 ALDH 2数据，我们还将利用孟德尔随机化的原则来检验假设， 减少青少年饮酒也会导致其他问题行为的减少。

This is a request for continued funding for unique study of adoptive and non-adoptive families, the Sibling Interaction and Behavior Study (SIBS). The major aim of SIBS is to investigate the origins of adolescent alcohol use and abuse and associated behavioral pathology within a developmental biopsychosocial framework. In the initial period of funding, we systematically ascertained and assessed 409 adoptive and 208 non-adoptive families, each consisting of a pair of adolescent siblings and their rearing parents. Families completed an extensive 5-hour, in-person assessment that included measurement of substance use and abuse, mental health, family and social environment, and individual-level markers of risk. In this continuation proposal, we seek to complete analysis of the intake SIBS dataset and explore the interplay of genetic and environmental influences on adolescent development. In completing the analysis of the intake SIBS dataset, we will test the following hypotheses: 1) shared environmental influences exert a consistent effect on adolescent disinhibitory psychopathology, including adolescent alcohol use, and 2) siblings, rather than parents, are the major source of shared environmental influence on adolescent disinhibitory behavior. To investigate gene-environment interplay, SIBS participants will be genotyped on 8-12 candidate genes selected as being relevant to vulnerability to disinhibitory psychopathology. Our sample of adopted adolescents includes a sizable number of East Asians, who will also be genotyped on the ALDH2 polymorphism. Analysis of the ALDH2 data will focus not only on whether it is protective against alcohol consumption in East Asians reared in non-East Asian homes, but also on the factors that account for heavy alcohol consumption among East Asian adolescents who inherit ALDH2 deficiency. In the analysis of the ALDH2 data, we will also make use of the principles of Mendelian randomization to test the hypothesis that reducing adolescent drinking also results in reductions in other problem behaviors.