A Longitudinal Study of Adopted Youth and Their Families

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请寻求更新资金的采用和非采用家庭的独特和创新的纵向研究。兄弟姐妹互动和行为研究（SIBS）包括409个收养家庭和208个非收养家庭。在接收时，每个家庭由一对青少年兄弟姐妹和他们的养育父母组成，共2394个个体。SIBS后代在青春期中期完成了摄入量评估，在青春期后期完成了第一次随访（FU 1）评估，并在成年早期进行了第二次随访（FU 2）评估。FU 1和迄今为止FU 2的参与率远高于90%。摄入量和后续评估是广泛的，包括：1）对常见外部化（例如，行为障碍、物质使用障碍、ADHD）和内化（抑郁症、焦虑症）精神病理学; 2）物质使用、滥用和依赖; 3）个体水平的风险标记（个性、学术能力和进步）; 4）家庭关系（父母-子女和兄弟姐妹）;和5）其他环境风险因素（例如，同伴群体、宗教性、生活压力、邻里关系）。本申请有4个具体目标，即：1）完成FU 2评估，2）分析FU 1和FU 2数据以确定常见精神障碍的家族风险的性质; 3）使用孟德尔随机化原理来测试青少年酒精使用和滥用对成年早期精神健康和物质使用障碍风险的影响;以及4）确定在婴儿期被收养的个体是否在年轻成人时有更高的精神障碍风险。对SIBS摄入数据的分析表明，这是一项独特的研究，它对母亲抑郁的影响、父母反社会行为的影响、青少年酗酒的后果以及美国收养青年的心理健康等方面进行了重要的观察。对这项研究计划的持续支持将使我们能够绘制从青春期中期到成年早期的常见精神障碍发展轨迹，采用收养设计，使我们能够识别家庭环境以及遗传对风险的贡献。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application seeks renewal funding for a unique and innovative longitudinal study of adopted and non-adopted families. The Sibling Interaction and Behavior Study (SIBS) includes 409 adopted and 208 non-adopted families. At intake, each family consisted of pair of adolescent siblings and their rearing parents, a total of 2394 individuals. SIBS offspring have completed an intake assessment in mid-adolescence, a first follow-up (FU1) assessment in late-adolescence, and are in the midst of a second follow-up (FU2) assessment in early adulthood. Rate of participation at FU1 and to date in FU2 is well above 90 percent. Intake and FU assessments are extensive and include: 1) comprehensive assessment of common externalizing (e.g., conduct disorder, substance use disorders, ADHD) and internalizing (depression, anxiety disorders) psychopathology; 2) substance use, abuse, and dependence; 3) individual-level markers of risk (personality, academic ability and progress); 4) family relationships (both parent-offspring and sibling); and 5) other environmental risk factors (e.g., peer group, religiousness, life stress, neighborhood). The current application has 4 specific aims, to: 1) complete the FU2 assessment, 2) analyze FU1 and FU2 data to determine the nature of familial risk for common mental disorders; 3) use the principle of Mendelian Randomization to test the effect of adolescent alcohol use and misuse on risk of mental health and substance use disorders in early adulthood; and 4) determine whether individuals adopted in infancy are at heightened risk for mental disorders as young adults. Analysis of SIBS intake data demonstrates that this is a unique study that is making important observations on, for example, the effect of maternal depression, the impact of parent antisocial behavior, the consequences of adolescent alcohol abuse, and the mental health of US adopted youth. Continued support for this program of research will allow us to chart the trajectory of the development of common mental disorders from mid-adolescence through early adulthood, using an adoption design that allows us to identify familial environmental as well as genetic contributions to risk.